南京农业大学2004年硕士研究生入学考试英语（单）试题

试题编号：211     试题名称：英语（单）

注意：答题一律答在答题纸上，答在草稿纸或试卷上一律无效

Part I    Vocabulary and Structure    (20 points)

Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. Choose the One that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single line through the center.

1.    Will this sweater _________ when washed?

a. shrink        b. mist         c. lessen       d. decline

2.    It is _______ to discuss the question.

a. worthy       b. worthy of       c. worthwhile      d. worth

3.    This hotel can _________ 600 guests.

a. accommodate      b. accomplish       c. accompany      d. accuse

4.    The old lady was __________ to the young man who helped her find her lost grandson.

a. touched        b. cheerful          c. generous        d. grateful

5.    Physicists have made new discoveries that challenge our ________ theories of the universe.

a. existed       b. adapted        c. organized       d. established

6.    His family had a marvellous holiday, only the last three days were ________ slightly.

a. hurt        b. spoiled         c. ruined        d. damaged

7.    His partner was thoroughly _______ by the robber’s disguise.

a. taken through     b. taken in     c. taken down     d. taken away

8.    My son’s composition was so confused that it didn’t make any ________ at all.

a. sense        b. message       c. explanation      d. meaning

9.    Some people are ________ to politics and what is going in other places.

a. keen       b. sympathetic      c. indifferent      d. curious

10.He had to _______ an appointment with me on account of illness.

a. put up       b. put out       c. put up with      d. put off

11.The money they took with them was considerably _________ what they needed.

a. in favour of      b. in excess of      c. in charge of     d. in contrast to

12.It was _______ for him to wear a T shirt at the reception.

a. out of place     b. out of order    c. out of question     d. out of practice

13.There is something wrong here; I will ask my solicitor to ________ it.

a. make out      b. set about       c. look into       d. figure out

14.Why not _______ tennis? It’ll help you keep fit.

a. take up      b. take on       c. take in      d. take after

15.They bought that piece of land with a _______ to building a new office block.

a. purpose        b. view        c. reason       d. goal

16.The colours of that coat and trousers don’t ________.

a. suit       b. compare       c. mix        d. match

17.He remembered what it had ________ him to get a job.

a. spent        b. used        c. cost        d. offered

18.The enemy is surrounded, and must soon __________.

a. give away       b. give in       c. give out      d. give off

19.The house was built _______ in 1988.

a. sometimes      b. some times      c. sometime      d. some time

20.We must be more ________ of water.

a. economy       b. economics      c. economic      d. economical

21.It is necessary that he ________ his work within two hours.

a. finish       b. finishes       c. finishing      d. to finish

22.Neither my brother _______ ever been to Beijing.

a. or I have      b. or me have       c. nor me has       d. nor I have

23.If the maid comes today, please have her _________ my shirts.

a. washed        b. washing        c. wash       d. to washing

24.By the time you get here tomorrow, I ________ for Nanjing.

a. shall have left  b. have already left

c. am leaving       d. will leave

25.Hardly _______ when it began to rain.

a. had arrived he    b. he had arrived

c. did he have arrived         d. had he arrived

26.I will not ask him to help you __________ you run into difficulties.

a. just as        b. as far as        c. unless         d. as long as

27.If he were here, everything _________ all right.

a. should be     b. would be     c. should have been     d. would have been

28.He said that he had never seen her before, _________ was not true.

a. that        b. which         c. what         d. as

29.The reason for my lateness is _________ I missed my bus.

a. why        b. which        c. for        d. that

30.They paid twenty percent of ________ they could earn to their country.

a. that       b. which        c. what        d. those

31.In order to search for the escaped prisoner, the police decide to question __________ comes along this road.

a. who       b. whoever      c. whom       d. whomever

32.Mr. Manson, who holds the office of chairman, has _______ heavy a work load that it is difficult for him travel.

a. so        b. such        c. quite       d. much

33.The waves _______ violently against the shore, people couldn’t hear them crying for help.

a. beat        b. beating

c. have beaten           d. were beating

34._______ going to Boston yesterday to attend his daughters wedding, Dr. Nelson flew to Florida for an emergency case.

a. As opposed to      b. Contrary to     c. Instead of     d. In spite of

35.A friend of mine returned to his house after a holiday, only to find it _______ broken into.

a. be       b. was        c. had        d. had been

36.The suggestion is worth ___________.

a. discussing      b. to discuss    c. being discussed   d. to be discussed

37.Nothing can keep him __________.

a. to go      b. go       c. going      d. gone

38.I will go to meet him rather than __________.

a. wait       b. to wait      c. waiting     d. waited

39.________ it is true or not remains a question.

a. That       b. If       c. Whether     d. What

40.This one is better, but it costs twice ________ the other one.

a. so much as       b. so much than      c. too much than      d. as much as

Part II    Cloze Test    (10 points)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

In addition to newspapers and periodical journals, there are two other media which ( 41 ) important to criminal investigators. They are radio and television, and for ( 42 ) investigator they ( 43 ) a very useful means of ( 44 ) the assistance of the ( 45 ). ( 46 ) the two, television is the more valuable because of the ( 47 ) amount of time it ( 48 ) to reporting crime stories. Also, on television, it is possible to show pictures of persons whom the investigator wishes to interview rather than ( 49 ) only on ( 50 ) descriptions. Such descriptions ( 51 ) help the trained investigator as a means of ( 52 ), but they are ( 53 ) to help members of the public to recognize anyone ( 54 ) he or she has some ( 55 ) physical ( 56 ). One aspect of radio, ( 57 ), makes it more valuable than television in ( 58 ) alerting the public to be on the lookout for persons ( 59 ) the investigator wishes to contact. This is the fact that there are more radios in use, not only in homes, but also in automobiles and outdoors. Consequently, more people can be reached at all hours of the day ( 60 ) can be reached by television.

41.a. is          b. has been        c. are          d. should be

42.a. the         b. an    c. one          d. this

43.a. reflect     b. record          c. remind       d. represent

44.a. taking      b. fetching        c. obtaining    d. getting

45.a. people      b. public          c. citizen      d. witness

46.a. Of          b. Among           c. Between      d. In

47.a. vast        b. big   c. great        d. large

48.a. gives       b. sends           c. passes       d. devotes

49.a. base        b. rely  c. draw         d. take

50.a. verbal      b. visual          c. audio        d. aural

51.a. must        b. should          c. may          d. can

52.a. recognition     b. explanation      c. identification     d. realization

53.a. likely      b. unlikely     c. impossible      d. possible

54.a. if          b. until        c. when  d. unless

55.a. outstanding     b. important      c. everlasting     d. amazing

56.a. features    b. characters      c. differences     d. qualities

57.a. then        b. however         c. though       d. whatever

58.a. punctually     b. carefully      c. immediately     d. faithfully

59.a. that        b. whom           c. when          d. which

60.a. what        b. that           c. when          d. than

Part III    Reading Comprehension    (40 points)

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

( 1 )

Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things”—physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used—that a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph(留声机) was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra.

Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation(乐谱) has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.

One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media—radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the “information revolution,” a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.

61.Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because _____________.

a.    it helps produce new cultural tools and technology

b.    it can reflect the development of the nation

c.    it helps understand the nation’s past and present

d.    it can demonstrate the nation’s civilization

62.It can be learned from this passage that ___________.

a.    the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese music

b.    Near Eastern music had an influence on the development of the instruments in the symphony orchestra

c.    The development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and Western music

d.    The musical instruments in the symphony orchestra were developed on the basis of Near Eastern music

63.According to the author, music notation is important because ___________.

a.    it has a great effect on the music-culture as more and more people are able to read it

b.    it tends to standardize folk songs when it is used by folk musicians

c.    it is the printed version of standardized folk music

d.    it encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs

64.It can be concluded from the passage that the introduction of electronic media into the world of music ____________.

a.    has brought about an information revolution

b.    has speeded up the arrival of a new generation of computers

c.    has given rise to new forms of music culture

d.    has led to the transformation of traditional musical instruments

65.Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?

a.    Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers.

b.    Music cannot be passed on to future generations unless it is recorded.

c.    Folk songs cannot be spread far unless they are printed on music sheets.

d.    The development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect.

( 2 )

One of the main problems facing the world today is the increase of population. How can this increasing population be fed and its standard of living improved? It is really hard to solve. Obviously higher agricultural production with better distribution of food is one essential method. But in many countries better agricultural techniques including mechanized farming, will involve a reduction in the number of people on the land. Furthermore the surplus population driven off from the land by machines can be, at least fully, employed in new industries. How can new industries be introduced into countries which can not afford to pay for their equipment and which do not possess engineers and other workers with the necessary training? On the other hand, more recently, a much larger amount of the money lent to underdeveloped countries has been provided directly by public authorities in the form of loans from one government to another or through special organizations like the Colombo Plan and the Colonial Development Corporation. These loans are not always dependable, for a government which has given financial help may alter its policy or may be replaced by a government less interested in spending money abroad. A new government, or a government faced with problem at home, may decide to reduce foreign loans and investments. In 1986, for example, because of increased military expenditure and other demands on its finances, the United States greatly reduced its loans to underdeveloped countries. In the present international situation, there is little security for the plans of developing countries if their plans depend on external aid. These nations can only rely on a limited amount of aid from a few international organizations.

66.We can hardly wholly depend on foreign government for aids because _______.

a.    the amount of loans needed is far from the satisfaction

b.    the foreign governments are less interested in investment abroad

c.    the policy towards investment abroad is often changed at present

d.    the underdeveloped countries are all accepting foreign aids

67.It is not directly stated but implied that when the underdeveloped countries deal with their financial problem, they should ________.

a.    depend on a few international organization

b.    depend on an effort given by its people

c.    rely on mainly themselves for solving the problem

d.    rely mainly on the mass production in their own countries

68.To feed the increasing population we must ________.

a.    yield more food for the people and distribute it properly

b.    find more jobs for the people driven off from the land

c.    use more advanced farming machines and techniques to the best advantage

d.    get more financial support from the foreign countries

69.Which of the following sentences is NOT TRUE?

a.      Foreign loans could only be got through the government or special organizations.

b.      Foreign loans would be greatly influenced by the stability of investing countries.

c.      Foreign loans could only be relied on in the present situation

d.      Foreign loans from government and international organizations have greatly increased.

70.From the passage we know the better the agricultural techniques, _______.

a.    the more people will be unemployed

b.    the more money will be needed

c.    the more loans will be raised

d.    the more workers will be trained

( 3 )

There are two main things that make aircraft engineering difficult: the need to make every component as reliable as possible and the need to build everything as light as possible. The fact that an aeroplane is up in the air and cannot stop if anything goes wrong, makes it perhaps a matter of life and death that its performance is absolutely dependable.

Given a certain power of engine, there is a practical limit to the total weight of aircraft that can be made to fly. Out of that weight as much as possible is wanted for fuel, radio navigational instruments, passenger seats, or freight room, and of course, the passengers and aircraft themselves. So the structure of the aircraft has to be as small and light as safety and efficiency will allow. The designers of it must calculate the normal load that each part will bear and take account of any unusual stress that may be put on the part as precaution against errors in manufacture, accident damage, etc.

Making the machine parts reliable is as difficult as making the structure strong enough. The flying controls, the electrical equipment, the fire precautions, etc. must not only be light in weight, but must work both at high altitudes where temperature may be below freezing point and in the hot air of an airfield in the tropics.

To solve all these problems the aircraft industry has a large number of research workers with elaborate laboratories and test houses and new materials to give the best strength in relation to weight are constantly being tested.

71.To the planemakers, which of the following is the two main requirements of aircraft design?

a.    speed and cheapness goes wrong.

b.    reliability and passenger comfort

c.    making things both light and dependable

d.    ability to stay up in the air and avoid breakdowns

72.What does ‘it’ refer to in Line 6, Paragraph 2?

a. structure      b. aircraft      c. engine     d. weight

73.What is the main idea of the passage?

a.    Every component must be made as reliable as possible.

b.    Everything in the aeroplane should be as light as possible.

c.    The machine parts should be made as light and reliable as possible.

d.    Elaborate measures must be taken as carefully in the test as possible.

74.From the passage we know research workers _________.

a.    are employed in large numbers by the aircraft industry

b.    seldom find solutions to practical problems at first

c.    don’t need a number of elaborate laboratories of stress

d.    give the best strength in relation to weight of goods

75.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

a.   An aeroplane has to operate as perfectly as possible otherwise people might die if anything goes wrong.

b.   Making the structure strong enough is no less difficult than making the working parts dependable.

c.   The total possible weight of an aircraft to a large extent depends on the power of the engine.

d.   It is not essential for the controls, the safety measures, etc. to be light in weight if working efficiently.

( 4 )

There is no doubt that adults, and even highly educated adults, vary greatly in the speed and efficiency of the reading. Some proceed very slowly throughout; others dash along too quickly and then have to reread. Poor readers in particular may lack the ability to vary their manner of reading according to the type of reading matter and to their intentions in reading it. A good reader can move at great speed through the text of a novel or similar light reading matter. He may be able to skim a page, pick up a word or two here and there, and again a general idea of what the text is about without really reading it. In reading more difficult material, with the intention of taking the whole of it, he will proceed more slowly; but even then he will vary his pace, concentrating on the key words and passages, perhaps rereading them several times and pass more quickly over the rest. A less efficient reader tends to maintain the same speed whatever the material he reads. Consequently, even light reading matter gives him little pleasure because he reads so slowly. But this pace may be too fast for really difficult material which requires special concentration at difficult points.

A type of reading which requires careful attention to details is proof-reading, in which the reader, in order to detect misprints in a sample print, has to notice not so much the meaning of what he reads as the exact shape and order of letters and words in the text. This is extremely difficult for most people, since they are accustomed to overlook such details.

76.From the passage we know a good reader _________.

a.    should pay attention to the key words

b.    should read slowly and carefully if necessary

c.    should change his speed with different materials

d.    should firstly dash along quickly and then reread

77.The efficient reader is different from the poor one in _________.

a.    that the latter uses the same reading speed to all kinds of reading matter all the time

b.    that the latter always fails to understand the meaning of some reading matter

c.    that the latter can’t concentrate on the key words and paragraphs in the reading matter

d.    that the latter is always interfered with the new words, expressions or details, or something else.

78.What does the word ‘light’ mean in line 6, Paragraph 1?

a. not heavy      b. interesting     c. real      d. easily-understood

79.In the proof-reading, readers ________.

a.    make changes in reading speed here and there

b.    pay little attention to the meaning of sentences

c.    notice not only the shape but the order of letters and words

d.    disregard the details of materials offered

80.What is the main idea of the passage?

a.    How to pick up the key words

b.    How to get the main idea of the passage

c.    How to increase your reading speed

d.    How to be a good reader

Part IV    English-Chinese Translation   (15 points)

Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1.   Poor readers in particular may lack the ability to vary their manner of reading according to the type of reading matter and to their intentions in reading it.

2.   But in many countries better agricultural techniques including mechanized farming, will involve a reduction in the number of people on the land.

3.   The fact that an aeroplane is up in the air and cannot stop if anything goes wrong, makes it perhaps a matter of life and death that its performance is absolutely dependable.

4.   Manufacturers have discovered by trial and error that sugar sells badly in green wrapping, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and the cosmetics should never be packaged in brown.

5.   Recently many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple terms, the phenomenon of students with phonic and grammar skills still being unable to understand what they read.

Part V     Writing    (15 points)

Directions: Writing a short essay on the topic “Make Science and Technology Serve Mankind” in about 150 words and base your composition on the outlines given in Chinese below.

1.    近几十年中科学技术发展很快。

2.    科学技术也可能给我们带来危害。

3.     我对这个问题的看法。

考研共济