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河南工业大学硕士研究生入学考试大纲—《专业英语》
考试科目名称：专业英语 考试科目代码：
第一部分 语言学考试大纲
适用专业：外国语言文学
参考书目：
《语言学教程》（第三版），胡壮麟主编，北京大学出版社，2006 年。
一、考试性质和目的
“语言学”是全日制外国语言文学学术型硕士研究生入学考试的主要科目之一，旨在考
察考生掌握英语语言学的基本理论、基础知识及其运用双基进行语言事实分析的能力，因而
是一种测试考生基本知识及其应用能力的选拔性考试。
二、考试基本要求
1. 具有普通语言学的基础理论和知识，以及分析语言事实的基本技能。
2. 具有较强的思辨能力和创新能力。
3. 具有较高的英文表达能力及写作规范性。
三、考试形式和内容
本考试采取客观题与主观题相结合的测试方法，包括填空、选择、术语解释、简答和实例分
析等，共 75 分。各项试题的分布情况见“考试内容一览表”。
考试内容：
1. 语言学导论：语言和语言学基本术语的定义；语言的性质；语言学的分支；人类语
言与其他动物交流方式的本质区别；语言的功能；语言研究中的一些重要区别。
2. 语音学和音位学：英语语音的分类；语音学和音位学的差异；音位学主要术语区分。
3. 形态学与英语词汇学：词素、词根、词缀的定义；构词法类型；词汇变化。
4. 句法学：句法学相关术语；语法范畴；直接成分分析法；向心结构和离心结构；并
列与联合。
5. 语义学：语义学相关术语；常见的语义学流派；词的主要语义关系；成分析法；述
谓结构分析法。
6. 语言与认知：语言与思维的关系。
7. 社会语言学：语言与社会、文化的关系；各种语言变体。
8. 语用学：语用学相关术语；语义学与语用学的关系；言语行为理论；合作原则.
9. 语言与文学：前景化；诗歌中的语言；小说中的语言；戏剧中的语言。
10. 语言学与外语教学：语言学与外语教学之间的关系；语言学与大纲设计。
11. 现代语言学流派：布拉格学派；伦敦学派；美国结构主义；转换生成语言学。
语言学考试内容一览表
序号 题型 题量 分值 时间（分钟）
I 填空 10 10 15
II 选择 10 10 15
III 术语解释 5 20 20
IV 简答 3 15 20
V 实例分析 2 20 20
合计 75 90
样题：
河南工业大学
硕士研究生入学考试试题样题
考试科目： （语言学部分） 共 页（第 页）
注意：1、本试题纸上不答题，所有答案均写在答题纸上
2、本试题纸必须连同答题纸一起上交。
I．Word Completion：Fill in the blanks with the most suitable words. (10X1=10 points)
1. When language is used for establishing an atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than
exchanging information or ideas, its function is ________ function.
2. The sound /p/ can be described with “_______ , bilabial, stop”.
3. The _______ is the minimal distinctive unit in grammar, a unit which cannot be divided without
destroying or drastically altering the meaning, whether lexical or grammatical.
4. ______ refers to ties and connections which exist within texts. They are also called formal links
between sentences and between clauses.
5. According to G. Leech, _______ meaning refers to logic, cognitive, or denotative content.
6. The structural approach to the analysis of language was started by the Swiss linguist _____ in
the beginning of the twentieth century.
7. Taboo and ______ are two faces of the same communication coin.
8. In making conversation, the general principle that all participants are expected to observe is
called the ______ principle proposed by J. Grice.
9. The part of linguistics that studies the language of literature is called ______ . It focuses on the
study of linguistic features related to literary style.
10. _____ a collection of linguistic data, either compiled as written texts or as a transcription of
recorded speech.
II. Multiple Choice：In each question there are four choices. Decide which one would be the best
answer to the question or to complete the sentence best. (10X1=10 points)
1. Saussure took a (n) ______ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a ______
point of view.
A. sociological… psychological B. psychological... sociological
C. applied... pragmatic D. semantic... linguistic
2. Classification of English speech sounds in terms of manner of articulation involves the
following EXCEPT___ .
A. fricatives B. lateral C. affricates D. bilabial
3. “ Wife”, which used to refer to any woman, stands for “a married woman” in modern English.
This phenomenon is known as _______ .
A. semantic shift B. semantic elevation
C. semantic narrowing D. semantic broadening
4. ______ refer to the relationship that linguistic units have with other units because they may
occur together in a sentence.
A. Syntagmatic relations B. Hypotactic relations C. Paradigmatic relations D.
Paratactic relations
5. According to C. Ogden and I. Richards, _____ is regarded as crucial intermediary between
______ and _____ .
A. symbol… referent… thought B. referent… thought…. symbol C. thought… symbol…
referent
6. _______ is defined as a conscious process of accumulating knowledge of a second language
usually obtained in school settings.
A. Competence B. Performance C. Learning D. Acquisition
7. _______ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straight forward grammatical
rules, used as a medium of communication.
A. Lingua franca B. Creole C. Pidgin D. Standard language
8. The speech act theory was developed by ______ .
A. John Searle B. John Austin C. Levinson D. G. Leech
9. _____ is a figurative use of language which implies a comparison between two unlike elements.
A. Simile B. Metaphor C. Metonymy D. Synecdoche
10. In Krashen’s monitor theory, “i” in “I + 1” hypothesis of second language acquisition refers to
_____ .
A. interaction B. interference C. input D. intake
III. Define the Following Terms. (4X5=20 points)
1. Conversational implicature
2. Interlanguage
3. Textual function
4. Linguistic relativity
IV. Answer the Following Questions Briefly. (3X5=15 points)
1. How do you understand syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations?
2. What is sense and what is reference? How are they related?
3.What is the cognitive interpretation of image schema?
V. Essay Questions (2X10=20 points)
1. How do you compare the traffic light systemwith a human linguistic system?
2. Explain “speech and writing”, and cite two or more examples.
第二部分 英美文学考试大纲
一、考试要求：
要求考生系统掌握语言学、英美文学及英美概况等方面的基础知识，并能灵活运用其
知识分析和解决问题。
二、考试形式和内容
本考试采取客观题与主观题相结合的测试方法
1、掌握英美文学中的主要流派、文学体裁、写作技巧等；
2、 熟悉英美主要作家及其代表作品；
3、 作品赏析（诗歌、小说片段等）：掌握文学作品的出处；对典型的文学作品进行文
体分析以及文学赏析。
三、试卷结构
考试时间：180 分钟；满分：英美文学（75 分）。
题 型：填空题、连线题、选择题、简答题、论述题等基本题型。
参考书目：
《英国文学简史》（新修订本）刘炳善著（河南人民出版社）
《美国文学简史》常耀信著（南开大学出版社）
《英国文学选读》杨岂深、孙铢等编（上海译文出版社）
《美国文学史及选读》吴伟仁编，（外语教学与研究出版社)
样卷
河南工业大学
20**年硕士研究生入学考试试题
I. Choose the best answer (10 points )
1. Samuel Johnson’s “Letter to __________” marked the end of English writers’ reliance on
the _______________ of nobleman , and ushered in an age in which writing could be an
independent career.
A. Lord Chesterfield; patronage
B. Johnson; patronage
C. The World; support
D. Virgil; Chesterfield
2. And she spoke daintily in French, extremely,
After the school of Stratford - atte - Bowe ; (Chaucer)
These lines have been written with ___________.
A. simile
B. apostrophe
C. pessimism
D. satire
3. No love between these twowas lost,
Each was to other kind,
The first line here means that _____________.
A. They did not love each other after all
B. They were polite to each other
C. They were only playing love
D. They loved each other dearly
4. Blank verse as a form of poetry means ___________.
A. unrhymed verse
B. unrhymed iambic pentameter
C. rhymed iambic pentameter
D. a poem of 14 lines
5. When “ the young sun/His half-course in the sign of the Ram has run ”(Chaucer ), it must be
_________________.
A. Late April
B. Early May
C. Late May
D. Early April
6. “There was a second attempt at applause when the judge had finished speaking, but as
before it was at once repressed; and though the feeling of the court was strongly against the
prisoner, there was no show of violence against him, if one may expect a little hooting from
bystanders when he was being removed in the prisoners’ van. Indeed nothing struck me
more during my whole sojourn in the country than the general respect for law and order.”
The tone of this narration is __________________.
A. Serious
B. mocking
C. sarcastic
D. mockingly serious
7. Stream-of-consciousness style aims at revolutionizing the fictional art by emphasizing the
depiction of man’s inner world of thought. It differs from the traditional way of presenting
people’s thoughts in that _________________.
A. It gives precedence to people’s thoughts over their actions and words
B. It gives equal attention to people’s thoughts and actions and words.
C. It gives more attention to people’s actions and words than their thoughts
D. It gives people’s thoughts as explanations of their actions and words.
8. is NOT a poem written by William Blake.
A. The Tree of Liberty
B. The Marriage of Heaven and Hell
C. The Revolt of Islam
D. Prometheus Unbound
9. Janathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels is the greatest _________work in English literature.
A. realistic
B. satiric
C. romantic
D. poetic
10. _________ was a progressive intellectual movement going on throughout Europe in the 18
th
century.
A. The Renaissance
B. Puritan Movement
C. Romantic Movement
D. The Enlightenment
II.Matching (5 points)
1. John Bunyan A. master of allegory
2. Charles Dickens B. John Milton
3. Oliver Goldsmith C. The Rivals
4. Richard B. Sheridan D. Ploughman poet
5. William Blake E. songs of Experience
6. Robert Burns F. John Milton
7. Robert Browning G. dramatic monologue
8. Art for art’s sake H. sentimentalist
9. Greatest Modern Irish poet I. Oscar Wild .
10. Samson Agonistes J. W. B. Yeats
III. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word(s): (5 points )
1. When the sweet showers of April fall and shoot
Down through the drought of March to pierce the root.
Bathing every vein in liquid power
From which there springs the engendering of the flower.
This is taken from written by the “father of English
poetry”. The poem is written in a rhyming scheme called .
2. But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st,
Nor shall death brag thou wand’rest in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st.
So long as man breathe or eyes can see,
So long lives that, and this gives life to thee.
These lines are taken from ’ sonnet No. , which sings praises
of_______________.
3. What though the field be lost?
All is not lost, th’ unconquerable will,
And study of revenge, immortal hate,
And courage never to submit or yield:
And what is else not to be overcome?
That Glory never shall his wrauth or might
Extort from mee.
This is taken from ’ . Here the word “study” in “study of
revenge ” means .
4. A little learning is a dang’rous thing;
Drink deep, or taste no the pierian spring:
There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain,
And drinking largely sobers us again.
These lines are taken from the poem written by . These
lines tell us that .
5. Wha, for Scotland’s King and Law,
Freedom’s swordwill strongly draw,
Free-man stand, or Free-man fa’,
Let him on wi’ me!
These lines are from “Scots Wha Hae” written by , a Scottish poet, the most
striking spirit in this poem is .
IV. Define the following literary terms. (20 points)
1. sentimental novel
2. elegy
3. metaphysical poets
4. Harlem Renaissance
V. Give brief answer to the following questions (15 points)
1. How much do you know about John Milton? Please illustrate some important points about him.
2. Name Brontësisters and one representative work for each. Comment on each works you listed.
3. Illustrate the main thesis of V. Woolf’s Modern Fiction.
VI. Answer the questions according to the following passage. (20 points)
Wild west wind, thou breath of Autumn’s being,
Thou from whose unseen presence the leaves dead.
Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,
Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red,
Pestilence-stricken multitudes!—O thou,
Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed,
The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low,
Each like a corpse within its grave, until
Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow
Her clarion o'er the dreaming earth, and fill
(Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air)
With living hues and odours plain and hill-
Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere—
Destroyer and Preserver—hear, O hear!
Question 1: Who is the author of these stanzas, and what is the title of this poem from which the
stanzas are taken?
Question 2: What is the theme of this poem?
Question 3: What is the literary significance of this poem?
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