范文为教学中作为模范的文章，也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考，也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。相信许多人会觉得范文很难写？这里我整理了一些优秀的范文，希望对大家有所帮助，下面我们就来了解一下吧。
大理一日游导游词篇一
today, we all got up early. wash and dress up, ate breakfast, and set off. my mom and dad to sit for an hour of car, finally arrived yichang, my parents and i got off the bus saw the wide parking lot and parked inside the large and small car, walked to the parking lot outside, i see the broad road, the road with beautiful flowers, neat, sidewalk no garbage, clean.
we came to children's park gate, the center of the park with lots of the flowers, colorful, very beautiful; carries out my name on both sides of the trees, grown very lush, lush.
walk to the park, i saw pigeons at a glance, with white, black, pink... looking at a lot of children in there to feed the pigeons, i also. dad met, bought a bag of corn and gave it to my, i took a few, from corn bag in hand, a few dove coming towards me, with a sharp beak pecking at the corn son, i feel itchy, this is fun.
after feeding pigeons, we walked forward, suddenly, i saw a tall and big ferris wheel, i told mom and dad said: "i want to go to the ferris wheel, you can accompany me to play?"
"yes!" father said.
mother bought three tickets, before we go to the ferris wheel, have the staff took us to the trunk, we sat in the trunk, trunk up slowly, i looked in the window, "good high!" i called to get up, and i looked down on, see the lawn, a lot of people play on the lawn, trunk up to the highest, i can't look down, heart all quick to drop out, i grabbed my dad's hand tightly, afraid to fall, also good, trunk and slowly down, we walked out of the trunk, i could hardly stand, dizzy, but i think a lot of fun. i think: if again, i will also play the ferris wheel.
we also played sand painting, a balloon, bumper car... the park there are a lot of a lot of fun!
a day passed quickly, in the evening, i reluctantly left the park.
today is a happy day.
大理一日游导游词篇二
dear guests
hello! entrusted by the tourism and reception departments, i would like toextend a warm welcome to all the guests visiting qufu, a famous city. i am veryglad to be accompanied by a tour guide. this is a good opportunity for us toenjoy and study together. please leave your valuable comments after reading.
first of all, i would like to briefly introduce the history and culturalrelics of qufu.
qufu, a famous historical and cultural city, is the hometown of confucius,a great thinker, educator, politician, literature arranger and sage of the worldin ancient china, the hometown of mencius, the birthplace of xuanyuan yellowemperor, the ancestor of the chinese nation, the capital of yan emperor, thehometown of shang and yin, and the capital of lu. four of the three emperors andfive emperors lived and worked here for more than 5000 years. there are abundanttreasures underground and numerous cultural relics on the ground. at present,there are 112 cultural relics, including un protected units, 3 world culturalheritage sites, 4 national protected sites, 12 provincial protected sites, andothers protected at prefecture level.
the most important ones are "three confucius, two temples and onemausoleum", "three mountains, two forests and one temple". confucius temple,confucius mansion and confucius forest are commonly known as "three confucius".there are temples dedicated to zhou gong, the sage of the yuan dynasty in china,and temples dedicated to fusheng yanhui, the first disciple of confucius, whichare commonly known as "two temples"; yiling is shaohao mausoleum in shouqiu, thebirthplace of yellow emperor; sanshan; and jiuxian mountain (also known asjiushan), the birthplace of confucius. the second forest is: mengmulin, the bestmother to educate children in the world, lianggonglin, the burial place ofconfucius' parents; "yisi" is the place where li bai and du fu wrote poems,answered correctly and parted. the famous scholar kong shangren lived inseclusion in shimen temple, the national garden.
now let's look at the confucius temple.
confucius temple, also known as zhisheng temple, is a place for offeringsacrifices to confucius and his wife qi guan and 72 sages. together with theforbidden city in beijing and chengde summer resort in hebei, confucius templeis known as china's three major ancient architectural complexes. experts saidfour words to confucius temple: the oldest, the most grand, the most completepreservation, and the most prominent oriental architectural features. twoproblems can be seen from the confucius temple: one is the great contribution ofconfucius to china and even the oriental culture; the other is that china hascraftsmen in history.
confucius temple was built in 478 bc, the year after confucius died. in theformer residence of confucius, three temples were built to display confucius'clothes, cars, books and so on. the confucius temple was expanded by emperors ofall dynasties, including 15 major repairs, 31 medium repairs and hundreds ofminor repairs, reaching the present scale. the confucius temple imitates theimperial palace. it is divided into three layout, nine courtyards. it has 466houses and 54 gates and pavilions. it runs through a central axis from east towest. there are nearly one thousand steles, covering an area of 327.5 mu, whichis two li and 150 meters long. the confucius temple we see now is the scale ofthe hongzhi period of the ming dynasty. after liberation, the state allocatedfunds for maintenance and protection for many times. the first batch of nationalkey cultural relic protection units announced by china were listed as worldcultural heritage in december 1994, and became cultural relic units protected bythe united nations. confucius temple has been built for a long time, has a largescale, and is completely preserved, which is rare in the world.
shinto. "wanren palace wall" before the ancient cypress vigorous thissection of the road is "shinto". in front of important temples, there is aspecial way of respecting and understanding, which is called "shinto".
wanren palace wall. this gate is the south gate of ming city in qufu, andit is also the first gate of confucius temple. it is hung with the fourcharacters of "wanren palace wall", which was written by emperor qianlong ofqing dynasty. it comes from zi gong, the proud disciple of confucius. at themeeting of the state of lu, it was proposed that zigong's knowledge was broadand profound, which could be compared with confucius. zigong stood upimmediately and said, i dare not compare with my teacher confucius. humanknowledge is like a wall. my wall is only one ren high, and my teacher's wall isseveral ren high. that is to say, my knowledge is equal to a shoulder high,clear at a glance, nothing profound; confucius' knowledge is several times asmuch as mine, after detailed research, comprehensive discussion, we canunderstand all of him, after entering the door, we can see the beauty of thetemple, you can't see it outside the door. in order to describe confucius'profound knowledge, later generations changed from the master's wall to "hundredren" and "thousand ren" to the emperor of ming dynasty who granted confucius thetitle of "civil servant in the world, imperial teacher of all dynasties", andpraised confucius' knowledge as "ten thousand ren". looking up, we can't see thetop. it also said that the wall was very solid. these four words were originallywritten by the imperial envoy of ming dynasty. in order to show that he attachedgreat importance to confucius, qianlong replaced his imperial pen with hispersonal letter "wanren palace wall".
jin sheng yu zhen fang. this workshop was built in ming dynasty to expressconfucius' exquisite and perfect knowledge, just like the whole process ofplaying music, which is complete from beginning to end. ancient music beginswith the ringing of a bell, which starts with the sound of "the beginning oforder" and ends with the striking of a chime. the sound of "jade vibration" isthe sound of the falling of the chime, which is called "the end of order".praising confucius' knowledge is a great achievement of the sages and sages, soit is called "the sound of gold and the sound of jade vibration". the sound of"golden sound" is the sound of the bell, which starts with the sound of "jadevibration" and ends with the sound of the chime. this is also the source of theidiom "start and finish". "jin sheng yu zhen" was written by hu zuanzong, agreat calligrapher in ming dynasty.
"two cypresses bear one hole". there is an ancient cypress in the east andwest of the single hole stone arch bridge passing yuzhenfang, so it is called"two cypresses bear one hole". this bridge is called "panshui bridge", which isconnected with the water in the pan pool beside the palace, so it is called "panwater". in the past, when i read the book of confucius and mencius, i wasadmitted to higher education, which is called "entering hope". officials hope tobe promoted, do business, hope to get rich, and live a prosperous life.
dismount monument. outside the temple wall, there are two stone tablets,the xiama tablet and xiajiao tablet, which were set up in 1191 ad. the stele inthe west had been destroyed, and the stele in the east said, "officials andpeople wait to get off here.". in the past, civil and military officials andcommon people passed by, dismounted and walked on foot to show respect forconfucius and confucius temple.
lattice star gate. it was built in the ming dynasty and rebuilt in 1754 was made of wood instead of iron and stone. "lingxingmen" was written byemperor qianlong. it is said that there are twenty-eight constellations in thesky. among them, there is a star in charge of culture called "lingxing", alsoknown as "wenqu star" and "tianzhenxing". it connects confucius with the star incharge of culture in the sky and says that he is the highest in culture. forexample, in the past, when worshiping heaven, we should first worship "wenqustar". there is a saying that respecting confucius is like respectingheaven.
taihe yuanqi square. this workshop was built in 1544 a.d. in the mingdynasty. it highly praises confucius's idea that "the space universe can nurtureall things.". "the harmony of heaven and earth, the harmony of the four sides,the harmony of yin and yang" is the most basic thing, the harmony of theuniverse and the vitality of the human world. "taihe yuanqi" is written by zengmian, governor of shandong province.
the most holy temple. the "zhisheng temple square" built in the mingdynasty is made of white marble, decorated with flame jewels.
the world of moral mou, the road crown ancient and modern. the east andwest of the taoist temple are lined with a very strange memorial nded by wooden corner edges, there are a thousand heads and ten thousandcontinuations. there are eight monsters under it, which are called "heavendragon and god lion". it is said that it is dignified and inspired, which candrive away evil and uphold justice. in the eastern memorial archway, it waswritten: "demou heaven and earth", saying that the benefits of confucius' ideasto human beings are as high as heaven and earth, and the merits and virtues canbe compared with heaven and earth. the memorial archway in the west reads"daoguan ancient and modern", praising confucius' thoughts and methods, whichare the highest in the world.
holy time gate. the three gates are parallel, the four platforms are thesame as above, and the central panlong. the name of this gate comes frommencius. for the four ancient sages, boyi, yiyin, liuxiahui and confucius,mencius summed up the four saints' holy deeds into four sentences: boyi is thesage of the qing dynasty, yiyin is the sage of the appointed, liuxiahui is thesage of the sum, and confucius is the sage of the time. "shengshi" highlypraises confucius' thought, advocates enduring, and is a sage suitable for thetimes. when the emperor came to qufu to court confucius, he had to kneel downthree times and knock nine times, and walk through the gate of holy time. whenyan shenggong was born, he opened the gate of holy time. all go fast, the gateis high.
let's have a quick look at the gate. that is to say, confucius' knowledgeof "five classics and four books" means that those who learn first have culturefirst, and those who learn first have knowledge first. they compete to learn,and it is a pleasure to see first and read first.
look up at the door. it was named after yan hui's praise of confucius. yanhui said that the teacher's way is to raise the top and drill the bottom. praiseconfucius for his lack of knowledge, which is called "mi gao". it is difficultto understand classical chinese, which is called "mi jian". gao is notunattainable, but can be learned through hard work. yan hui said, "the masterfollowed the rules and was good at attracting people. he learned from me inwriting and said that i was polite." my teacher is good at persuasion, teachingme culture and courtesy.
han stone man. in the pavilion of yanggaomenli, there are two han stonepeople with high historical value. one is the "pavilion leader" (a localofficial of han dynasty), and the other is the pawn of the palace gate. they areall guards in front of the tomb of the king of lu. the stone man is valued bythe ancient scholars of epigraphy, which is of great value to the study of handynasty clothing and writing.
jinshui bridge, this bridge, with the same name as the bridge in front ofthe forbidden city, is also called jinshui bridge, also known as bishui bridge,with three holes arranged in a row and green water rippling.
hongdaomen. crossing jinshuiqiao is the "hongdaomen" appointed by theemperor of ming dynasty, which means "people can promote taoism, not taoism" inthe analects of confucius. confucius is an ordinary literati, why become asaint? praise confucius summed up the experience of sages, especially carryforward the yao, shun, yu tang, civil and military zhou gong's way. "to say thatpeople can command and create everything is to praise people's subjectiveinitiative." there are two stone tablets under the hongdao gate. the four edgedstone tablet in the east is the "history of qufu", which records the history ofqufu's evolution. it was established in the yuan dynasty and has high historicalvalue. in the west is the "epitaph of mr. chushi", which has high calligraphyvalue.
big middle gate. dazhongmen is the gate of confucius temple in songdynasty. it is called "zhonghe gate", which means that problems can be solvedeasily with confucius' thoughts. in the ming dynasty, the temple was renamed as"the great gate of the middle", praising confucius' knowledge as a collection ofhuman knowledge. in the middle, it means "the right way of the world in themiddle, the theorem of the world in the middle". those who leave the middle arenot the right way, but the evil way. that is to say, no left, no right, fair andjust, forward is the mean. there are two turrets at the east and west ends ofdazhong gate, which are used to guard the confucius temple.
tongwenmen, four famous brands, confucian temple. there are four monumentsin the middle gate. the tablet of hongzhi in the west of the ming dynasty talksabout the ethics of the cardinal principles. on the right side of the hongzhimonument is the "confucian temple map" drawn by li dongyang, a talented man ofthe ming dynasty in changsha, hunan province, which is of high value.
chenghua stele was erected by zhu jianshen, the emperor of chenghua in mingdynasty. there are two situations that have attracted the attention ofcelebrities of all ages. first, chenghua tablet's regular script is wellwritten, standardized, exquisite and attractive; the second is the highestevaluation of confucius. emperors of all dynasties have commented on highest evaluation is emperor chenghua. he compares confucius' ideas andmethods to eating, dressing and spending money. one day is inseparable fromthem. with confucius' principles and methods, one can make the best use of one'stalents, materials and land. otherwise, it will be a mess. it is said that ifthere is confucius' way, there will be a world. if there is no confucius' way,there will be no world. if there is anti confucius' way, there will be no as the inscription said: "i only have confucius's way, the world can not bewithout yan, there is confucius's way, then the principle of justice and ethics,everything has its own place..., confucius's way in the world, such as cloth sushu, people's livelihood daily use can not be short of,... born confuciusvertical for the holy, life's safety, benevolence and righteousness in theright, the rise of the teacher's way, from travel 3000, to the holy is thenext."
tongwenmen. the meaning of the word "human heart" is the same as that ofthe text. that is to say, only with concerted efforts and unity can we do a goodjob; the writing should be unified, only with unified writing can we record theexperience of historical communication, and random writing will lead toconfusion. tongwen gate is an important barrier in front of kuiwen pavilion.
kuiwen pavilion, originally a library, is a place for collecting booksgranted by the emperor. it was built in the second year of emperor tianxi ofsong dynasty (a.d. 1018), and was changed into "kuiwenge" when jin zhangzongrebuilt it. this unique and majestic building is entirely of wood structure,which is an isolated example in the construction of china building. afterseveral earthquakes, kuiwenge was not destroyed. in the earthquake of kangxi 5years in qing dynasty, "nine out of ten houses fell, one out of ten remained,and kuiwenge remained motionless.". li dongyang, the minister of the ministry ofofficial in ming dynasty, wrote "kuiwenge fu", praising the architecturalresearch value of kuiwenge. it's the stele at the east end of the corridor.
in front of the pavilion, the eastern and western courtyards are called"zhaisu", which is a place for worshippers to fast and bathe. dongyuan is theresidence of yan shenggong, where kangxi and qianlong spent their time to west courtyard is the shelter of the sacrificial staff. kong zhaoxun, theseventy-one generation grandson of confucius, inlaid more than 130 steles in thetemple for worshiping confucius in the song, yuan, ming and qing dynasties onthe wall of the courtyard, so xizhaisu is also known as the stele courtyard.
thirteen stele pavilions. this is the sixth courtyard of the confuciustemple. there are 55 steles in the pavilion, which were erected in tang, song,jin, yuan, ming and qing dynasties. the contents of the steles are the emperors,imperial envoys' worship of confucius, the posthumous title and evaluation ofconfucius. the records of the previous construction of the confucius temple arewritten in han, manchu, mongolian and basiba languages. eight in the south andfive in the north, so it is called thirteen stele pavilions. because they areall steles approved by the emperor, they are also called imperial stelepavilions. the third and sixth pavilions in the front row from the east werebuilt in the jin dynasty and are rare buildings in china. all the steles arecalled "imperial steles". "mian" is the mascot. it is said that the dragon kinghas nine sons, and it is the eighth son. it loves "wen" and is good at carryingheavy loads. the stone tablet has heavy characters, which is suitable for itscharacteristics. the image should be the dragon head, turtle body, eagle leg andsnake tail.
from the east to the north, the third pavilion is a monument erected byemperor kangxi. beijing xishan stone by the grand canal, economic south andtransported here. experts calculate that the monument weighs 130000 jin. it wassplashed with water and frozen along the way from jining. sometimes it came overon the ice and only went to the land of lying cattle one day. qufu originallyhad good stones, which should be transported from beijing to show the emperor'sattention to confucius. there are two steles in the southeast and southwest ofthe courtyard, all of which are the records of the princes and ministers whobuilt temples and worshipped confucius. the calligraphy value is very high.
there is one gate in the east and one in the west, yucui gate in the eastand guande gate in the west. commonly known as donghuamen, xihuamen.
from here, the confucius temple is divided into three routes. the fivegates are dacheng gate, jinsheng gate on the left, yuzhen gate on the right,qisheng gate on the west and chengsheng gate on the east. the architecturalstructure of dachengmen is "intertwined, intriguing". the center is inserted as"hook center", and the top of the left and right four corners is "bucket angle".the three characters of dachengmen were written by emperor yongzheng. praiseconfucius is a collection of sages and sages, reached the supreme realm.
the first teacher planted juniper by hand. the tall and vigorous cypresstree on the left of dacheng gate was planted by confucius. according to records:confucius cut three cypress trees here. in the second year of jin zhenyou (a.d.1214), they were destroyed by fire. the trees withered and sprouted newbranches. there were "three withers and three glories", and there was a sayingthat "cypress trees were flourishing every day.". during the wanli period of theming dynasty, yang guangxun, a gifted scholar, wrote five characters: "the firstteacher planted cypress by hand.".
two long corridors. on both sides of the two equal rows of houses, a totalof 80, known as the "east and west veranda", is dedicated to 72 sages. confuciusis known as a disciple of three thousand, 72 people who are proficient in sixarts, literature and martial arts, worshipped in the east and west. all theemperors of the past dynasties were entitled to the sages. such as dongzhongshu, han yu, wang mingyang, zhuge liang, kou zhun, yue fei and so on. bythe time of the republic of china, there were 156. the last sage is mr. liangqichao. the original statues and tablets were changed to wooden wu now displays a collection of zhonggui stone carvings before the songdynasty. the most precious national treasures of zhou gongxunzi and batpracticing medicine are 22 stone inscriptions of han and wei dynasties. the"ritual stele", "yiying stele", "shichen stele", "zhang menglong stele" and "mifu stele" with extremely high calligraphy value are rare treasures. there aremore than 100 pieces of "han dynasty stone carvings" on display in xiwu. theyare all well-known art treasures and precious materials for the study of han,wei and other historical and social life. there are 584 stone inscriptions ondisplay at the north end of the east veranda, which are the yuhonglou sutraswritten by kong jisu, the 69 generation grandson of confucius.
apricot altar. it was built in memory of confucius' lecture. confucius wasteaching to his disciples on the platform under the big apricot tree. in 1018a.d. of song dynasty, confucius had 45 generations
大理一日游导游词篇三
ladies and gentlemen!
hello everyone! my name is yiming. i'm your guide. today, i will take youto visit the "three confucius": confucius' mansion, confucius' temple andconfucius' forest.
sage confucius has a famous saying: "it's a pleasure to have friends fromafar." i'm very happy to be a tour guide. i will try my best to serve criticize and correct the shortcomings.
before visiting sankong, please allow me to introduce qufu. qufu is locatedat the junction of luzhong district and southwest plain of shandong province. libai, a great poet, once described qufu as "laughing and boasting of old friends,pointing to a desperate situation, with mountains and waters as green asorchids". now let's visit the confucius temple. confucius temple is located inthe center of qufu city. it is a charming building built by ancient people forthe great thought and broad spiritual quality of confucius. it covers an area of327.5 mu, with a length of 1 km from north to south. there are 466 buildings and54 gateways. in addition, there are more than 1700 ancient trees in the temple,one by one rushing into the sky. it is said that anyone who dares to cut downone will be beheaded. every tree, every door's name contains the thought ofconfucius' benevolence.
the confucius mansion is adjacent to the confucius temple. it is theresidence of the eldest son of the sage confucius. it has three roads and ninecourtyards. it has 463 buildings and a back garden, covering an area of 240 ius mansion, also known as "yansheng mansion". "yan sheng" means that"sheng dao" and "sheng yi" can reproduce and continue,
after entering the gate of confucius' mansion, there are three roads to theback of confucius' mansion. on the east road, there are yiguan hall, muen hall,confucius' family temple, etc.; on the west road, there are red calyx hall,zhongshu hall, anhuai hall, flower hall, etc.; on the middle road, there are themain buildings of confucius' mansion, the first half of which is the governmentoffice, and the second half is the inner house.
konglin is a special cemetery for the family of confucius, the oldest andlargest family cemetery in the world. it covers an area of more than 3000 surrounding walls are 3 meters high, 1.5 meters thick and 14.5 li are more than 100000 trees and hundreds of plants in the forest. among thetrees, there are many steles and statues, which are very spectacular.
now free activity for 3 hours, you can visit the "three holes" by yourself,you can also play games, picnics and other activities, but you must ensurehealth.
this is the end of the visit to "three holes".
大理一日游导游词篇四
shandong, one of the birthplaces of ancient chinese culture, is a greatland with not only famous mountains and rivers, but also splendid civilizationin the long history of civilization. there are numerous places of interest andscenic spots in shandong.
dear tourists, ladies and gentlemen, you have worked hard all the e to the confucius temple.
dear tourist friends, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to qufu, confucius'hometown, and thank you for choosing me as your guide. i'm zhang, a tour guideof __ travel agency in qufu. you can call me xiao zhang or zhang dao. confuciushas a famous saying: "it's a pleasure to have friends from afar." now let mefeel happy to meet new friends and provide you with tour guide service.
confucius temple is a ritual temple for confucius. confucius is a famousthinker and educator at the end of the spring and autumn period in china, and isrespected as the founder of the confucian school. according to records,confucius was born on the top of the polder, like the shape of niqiu mountain,so because of the name qiu, the word zhongni.
in his life of hard exploration of social practice, confucius deeplyunderstood and understood the society at that time, gradually established thebasic system of confucianism, and became a famous political theorist, educatorand thinker at that time. the confucianism he founded has a great influence inthe history of china and even the world. in the second year after confucius died(478 bc), duke ai of lu changed the hall where confucius lived to "longevityhall". there were three houses, which displayed "clothes, crowns, qin, che, shu"used by confucius, and "because they thought they were temples, they wereworshipped when they were old", that is, they offered sacrifices on time everyyear. although confucius was a well-known academic master at that time,confucianism was only a school, and confucius was not in a high position, so theoriginal confucius temple was only the former residence of confucius. after thehan dynasty, the status of confucius and confucianism gradually improved.
according to records, from 220 a.d. to the time before liberation, theconfucius temple was rebuilt and expanded for more than 70 times. after morethan 20__ years of reconstruction and expansion, the confucius temple in qufuformed a large-scale ancient architectural complex. it covers an area of about140000 square meters, including 466 halls, pavilions, 54 gates and 17 stelepavilions. with its large scale, the palace museum and chengde mountain resortare known as the three major ancient architectural complexes in china.
the overall layout of confucius temple is a long-term development ofconfucius' former residence, which has a history of more than 2400 years. thearchitectural effect pursued by the development of confucius temple is achievedthrough the environment created by the whole building complex to set off thegreat achievements of confucius and the profound and extensive of confucianismand taoism. therefore, the artistic expression of confucius temple architectureis firstly the integrity of its overall layout and architectural sequence;secondly, the treatment of its individual buildings and the pattern of eachcourtyard, and each hall, hall, building, door and pavilion fully shows theirrespective important role; the third is the subtle aspects of individualarchitecture, which fully reflects the unparalleled artistic achievements ofchinese ancient architects in design and construction. in the aspect of overallarchitecture, confucius temple adopts the ancient traditional palace stylearchitecture. however, it has been rebuilt and expanded for many times inhistory. when it is rebuilt and expanded, it is bound to be limited by theshape, scale and other factors of the previous confucian temple. however, thearchitectural group of the confucian temple finally successfully utilized theheritage of the previous generation, which not only reflects the continuation ofthe historical heritage, but also maintains its overall integrity. this uniquearchitectural form is caused by many factors. first of all, the confucius templeis an extension of the former residence of confucius, which preserves manyhistorical sites related to confucius, such as the old house well, poetry hall,lubi, jinsi hall, and the apricot altar built to commemorate confucius'lectures; second, the royal ancestral temple factors, such as the halberdsystem, the front hall and the back bedroom system; third, the palace factors,such as the five gate system of the emperor, the turret system of the royalcity, the east and west huamen, etc; the fourth is the factors of clan andfamily temples, such as qisheng temple, chongsheng temple, family temple, etc.;the fifth is the factors of sacrifice. in addition to confucius, sipei andtwelve philosophers, there are also sages, confucians and ancestors, with atotal number of more than 200 people. in order to accommodate a large number ofworshippers, it is necessary to set up veranda, thus forming veranda addition to the above factors, it also highlights the sage status ofconfucius and the sanctity of confucius and mencius, such as panchi, bishui,memorial archway and so on, and symbolizes confucius' great academicachievements with the book building. confucius temple has successfully used thetraditional combination of courtyard and environment, and achieved the purposeof rendering confucius' outstanding contribution in academic and education andhis lofty position in ancient society. it is a unique architectural form inancient chinese architectural complex.
there are more than 1200 ancient trees in the confucius temple, whichreflect each other with the magnificent buildings. especially in summer,thousands of egrets live on the ancient trees, forming another unique landscapeof the confucius temple. egrets have been designated as city birds by qufucity.
wanren palace wall
jin sheng yu zhen fang
jinshengyuzhen square was built in 1538, the 17th year of jiajing reign ofming dynasty. the four characters of "jinshengyuzhen" are written by huzuanzong, a scholar of ming dynasty. on the square, there is a light carvedcloud dragon playing with pearls. on the top of each column, there is a roundcarving "ward off evil spirits", commonly known as "chaotianhou". behind thesquare, there is a single hole stone bridge, on which there is a dragon, named"panshui bridge". under the bridge, the upstream of panshuiyuan is connectedwith gupanchi, and the downstream flows through the south gate of ming cityxishuimen enters the moat. the bridge was built in the 16th year of the reign ofemperor kangxi of the qing dynasty (1677 ad).
the four characters of "jin sheng yu zhen" come from "mencius · wan zhangxia", mencius said: "confucius is called jidacheng. he who has achieved greatsuccess has a golden voice and a jade. the first is the sound of gold, and thelast is the sound of jade. " it means that confucius is a master of sages andsages. the original meaning of "jin sheng" refers to the sound of "zhong", anancient musical instrument in china. the original meaning of "yu zhen" refers tothe sound of "qing", an ancient musical instrument in china. mencius comparesconfucius' thought to a perfect music. here, to borrow mencius' meaning, itmeans that confucius' thought is perfect and integrates the achievements ofancient sages to reach the top.
lattice star gate
lingxing gate was built in the 13th year of yongle (ad 1415) of mingdynasty. it was originally made of wood. in the 19th year of qianlong (ad 1754)of qing dynasty, it was replaced by stone pillars and iron beams when kongzhaohuan rebuilt the confucius temple. on the top of the four pillars are thefour generals, and on the middle beam are the fire pearls, which symbolizes thatthe gate is guarded by the generals and becomes a towering gate.
lingxing, namely tiantian star, was first seen in the historical data ofthe han emperor gaozu's order to worship lingxing. the ancients believed thatlingxing was a star that "the lord was honored by the scholars" and wasspecially in charge of officials. in the sixth year of emperor renzong of songdynasty (a.d. 1028), a lingxing gate was built on the outer wall of theplatform, which was like a window lattice. there is a gate in the confuciustemple, which means to worship confucius as heaven. this can be seen in therecords of jingding jiankang and jinling xinzhi of song dynasty. in addition,there is a inscription in the confucius temple: the lingxing gate is set up to"dredge it to accommodate the corporal". wherever there is a lingxing gate, itsdoor leaf must be made of lattice structure, so it has the meaning of confucius temple takes this meaning to attract scholars from all over theworld to study here.
in feudal society, all the officials who came to qufu to offer sacrificesto confucius, regardless of their positions, had to get off the sedan chair anddismount the military officials to show their respect for confucius. thismonument was first erected in the second year of the reign of emperor mingchangof jin dynasty (1191 ad), and now only one is left in the east.
taihe yuanqi square
taihe yuanqi square was built in the 23rd year of jiajing in the mingdynasty (1544 a.d.), which is of stone structure. "taihe yuanqi" was written bythe governor of shandong at that time.
"taihe" refers to the combination of heaven and earth, sun and moon, andyin and yang. "yuanqi" originally means the original material that forms theworld. later, some materialists called the five elements "yuanqi" as "gold,wood, water, fire and earth". everything in the world is composed of fiveelements. here, "yuanqi" is the combination of heaven and earth, sun and moon,and yin and yang, which is the basis for the growth of all things. "taihe qi"means that confucius thought embodies the essence and the most noble aspect ofhuman thought. it can make human thought reach a supreme position as theuniverse produces everything.
after yuanqi square of taihe, there was the "zhisheng temple" square,formerly known as the "xuansheng temple" square. there was no record of itsfounding date. there was a "xuansheng temple" square on the temple map in the16th year of hongzhi of ming dynasty (ad 1503). in 1729 ad, xuansheng temple waschanged to zhisheng temple. this square is white marble. "zhi" meanssupreme.
"demou heaven and earth, daoguan ancient and modern" means that confuciuscontributed as much to mankind as heaven and earth. confucius thought isunprecedented, and is supreme in both ancient and modern times and in thefuture.
holy time gate
shengshimen, originally the main gate of confucius temple, was built in the13th year of yongle (ad 1415) of ming dynasty, expanded in the 12th year ofhongzhi (ad 1499), and named "shengshimen" by emperor shizong of qing dynasty inthe 8th year of yongzheng (ad 1730). the gate is built on a high platform, andthere are reliefs on the front and rear royal roads respectively. it is carvedin the ming dynasty. "shengshimen" was written by emperor gaozong of qingdynasty.
the word "shengshi" comes from mencius. after comparing four ancientchinese sages, mencius pointed out: "boyi is the sage of qing dynasty; yiyin isthe sage of ren dynasty; liuxiahui is the sage of harmony; confucius is the sageof time". yi yin helped tang exterminate xia jie, assisted wai bing after tangdied, and established tang sun tai jia to ascend the throne after zhong rendied. because tai jia destroyed tang fa, he was banished by yi yin. three yearslater, tai jia repented and yi yin took him back. mencius called yi yin thesage; liu xiahui was a senior official of the state of lu in the spring andautumn period. he had been demoted three times and remained in office. whenasked why he didn't leave, he replied, "how can we go straight and serve people?why should we go to our parents' country if we do wrong?" later, when qiattacked lu, he sent people to qi to persuade him to withdraw. without a singlesoldier, he withdrew from qi's army, so mencius said that he was the holy comparison, mencius believes that confucius is the sage of the time, the sageof the whole time, is the most suitable sage of the times, no matter in anyperiod, any dynasty, confucius thought should become orthodox thought.
bishui bridge
when you enter the shengshi gate, it suddenly opens. in the large squarecourtyard, there are towering ancient trees, fragrant grass, symmetrical eastand west, each with a waist gate. the three arch bridges on the opposite sidecover the bishui, and half cover the hongdao gate. in addition, the stone bonsaiis decorated on it. it makes people relaxed and happy, and they are all suddenly feel that they have entered the realm of "god". those who worshipthe saints will look up to the top, and those who watch will see it ted with this situation, the east side of the waist gate is called "quickview", and the west side of the waist gate is called "yang gao". "kuai kan"means seeing first, while "yanggao" comes from the analects of confucius ·zihan. it means that confucius' way is high and unfathomable. looking up, thehigher you look, the higher you study confucius' thoughts and theories. once youenter the door, you will feel that there is no end to what you learn. these twogates were built in the 12th year of hongzhi in ming dynasty (1499 ad). in thepast, only the emperor could go through the main gate for sacrifice, and mostpeople could only enter the temple through the yanggao gate.
in front of a water across, three bridges longitudinal span, ring water hascarved stone column, because the water "around such as bi" named "bi water".there is jinshui in front of tiananmen gate in beijing, where bishui meansconfucius temple is the same as the imperial palace, so the third bridge isnamed bishui bridge. it was first built in the 13th year of yongle (ad 1415) ofming dynasty. in the 12th year of hongzhi of ming dynasty (ad 1499), stonerailings were added. the river body was built with a river bottom. the originalriver was built with small walls. in the 16th year of kangxi of qing dynasty (ad1677), the small walls were changed into stone railings.
hongdaomen
hongdaomen was built in 1377, the 10th year of hongwu in ming dynasty. itwas the main gate of confucius temple at that time. when the confucius templewas rebuilt in hongzhi period of ming dynasty, it was rebuilt into five the eighth year of yongzheng (1730 a.d.), emperor yongzheng designated it as"hongdao gate". later, emperor qianlong inscribed the word "hongdao" and erecteda plaque on the gate.
there are two stone steles under hongdaomen. the east stele is the "historyof qufu county" carved in yuan dynasty, which records the history of qufu beforeyuan dynasty and has high historical value. xibei is the epitaph of mr. chushiwang in yuan dynasty, which is of great calligraphy value. the two steles wereoriginally erected in jiuxian village in the east of qufu city and moved to theconfucius temple in 1964.
da zhong men
dazhongmen is the main gate of confucius temple in song dynasty. it wasbuilt in song dynasty and rebuilt in 1499. the three character plaque of"dazhongmen" was written by emperor gaozong of qing dynasty.
there are three green tile corner buildings on both sides of the dazhonggate. the two corner buildings are built on the square high platform in theshape of a curved ruler. the rectangular outline formed by the two cornerbuildings and the east and west corner buildings behind the confucius temple isthe outline of the confucius temple in the yuan dynasty. the main buildings inthe confucius temple are within this outline. the turret was built in 1331 the second year of the yuan dynasty. the corner tower of confucius temple ismodeled on the corner tower of imperial city, which means that confucius templeis as majestic as imperial palace.
tongwenmen was built in song dynasty. it was originally three rooms, andexpanded to five rooms in chenghua period of ming dynasty. it was called"shentongmen" in the reign of emperor kangxi of the qing dynasty, and changed totongwenmen in the seventh year of yongzheng of the qing dynasty (1729 ad). thisdoor is a single door, no wall on the left and right. in the past, intraditional chinese palace style architecture, small buildings were often usedas barriers before the main building to show solemnity. tongwen gate acted as abarrier for kuiwen pavilion. "tongwenmen" was written by emperor gaozong of qingdynasty.
kuiwen pavilion
kuiwenge, formerly known as the library, was built in the song dynasty withfive double eaves. in the sixth year of jinmingchang (ad 1195), it was changedinto three eaves and was named "kuiwenge". in the 17th year of hongzhi in mingdynasty (1504 ad), it was changed into seven rooms. emperor qianlong of gaozongof qing dynasty inscribed a plaque on the pavilion.
kuiwen pavilion is 30.1 meters wide from east to west, 17.62 meters deepfrom north to south, and 23.35 meters high. it has triple cornices, four layersof brackets, and eight octagonal stone columns under the eaves. the internalstructure is a laminated wooden frame, with two layers of pavilion and a darklayer in the middle.
kui, the name of the star. one of the 28 sleepers. it is said that it isthe head of the white tiger in the west, with a total of 16 stars, "buckled andhooked, like a painting of words". in the book of filial piety, it is said that"the article of kui master", and later generations further described kui star as"the head of civil servants". therefore, in order to praise confucius as a civilservant, jin zhangzong named the original library kuiwen pavilion.
kuiwen pavilion has experienced hundreds of years of ups and downs andhundreds of earthquakes since it was expanded in 1504. in the west pavilion,there is a tablet recording a major earthquake in the kangxi period of qingdynasty, "nine houses in the world, one in the world". that is to say, 90% ofthe houses collapsed and kuiwen pavilion was safe and sound. by the early 1980s,kuiwen pavilion had been in disrepair for many years. some of the wood wasrotten and the top of the pavilion was twisted. under the leadership of thestate administration of cultural relics, experts on ancient buildings wereorganized to work out a restoration plan. more than 1.2 million yuan wasallocated to renovate kuiwen pavilion one year ahead of the original renovated kuiwen pavilion has completely maintained its originalspecifications and style.
there are two stone tablets in the east and west of kuiwenge ge fu in the east is written by li dongyang, a famous poet in mingdynasty, and qiao zong, a famous calligrapher. in the west is kuiwenge resetbooks record, which records that in 1511, liu liu and liu qi led the peasantuprising army to capture qufu and occupy the confucius temple. after they burnedkuiwenge's books, the emperor ordered the ministry of rites to issue imperialbooks. in the late qing dynasty, the collection of books in kuiwen pavilion wasmoved to confucius' residence for preservation.
kuiwen pavilion is now on display with the pictures of confucius' holyrelics
大理一日游导游词篇五
everybody is good!
welcome you come to lijiang ancient town, known as the "world heritage".
we are now walking city, at present has a primitive simplicity, elegant, quiet picture. , the naxi style residence, with clear streams across the street, lane, bridges such as the rainbow across the brook, rows of willows sway in the breeze. there's a better! everyone with me tight! look at both sides, in the ancient city, home, full of beautiful things in eyes of various commodities, especially in the light of all kinds of bronze and the retrofit of all kinds of leather fashion, has been praised by the masses of tourists. so many fine goods, you want to enjoy carefully? well, let's spread for a while, respectively the choose and buy, gather here in ten minutes.
believe what you shopping is happy happy, now we continue our journey! lijiang is important political and economic center since ancient times, sifang street, lijiang mu's residence (wooden courtyard) is the witness of history. when it comes to mu's residence, allegedly, lijiang hereditary surname toast for wood, wood word with box, namely into "trapped", mu's residence without walls by taboo. china's ming dynasty famous traveler xu xiake once wrote in lijiang travel notes, "palace of beautiful, is king", "residential communities, wawu has", is the prosperous landscape of city of lijiang was true.
tourists friends, today a day at the old town of lijiang is almost over, you have fun? i believe the answer is yes! tomorrow, still have more beautiful scenery waiting for us. i hope you have a good rest, rest and tomorrow we goodbye!
each friend: hello! after i know, most of the friends came to qinhuangdao is the first time, you must be very want to know something about qinhuangdao, i now use driving, introduced general situation of qinhuangdao to everybody. first of all tell everybody, qinhuangdao qinhuangdao this why this place name? this also beginning: according to sima qian's shiji records: "28 years, that is, in 219 bc, the qi people xu, saying, put it in the sea there are three mountain, called penglai, the abbot, yingzhou fairy house. please fast, with the child for the men and women, so sent xu city children's thousands of men and women, to the sea for immortal." this is qin shihuang east tour for the second time.
cherry here is under the age of twenty boys, because the boy until the age of twenty, will be crowned the adults. virgin is the girl under the age of 16, because the girl until the age of 16, is about to become adults don't dan on his head. the virgins to japan is divided into two, and after a surnamed xu, a surname, qin. then surname qin sinned, hunted the surname haneda. japan's former prime minister mr tsutomu hata is admitted to their offspring. according to shiji records again: "32 years, that is, in 215 bc, emperor tateishi, yan man he envy door, high oath. carved tateishi door. bad musquash, determined through embankments". this is the qin shihuang east tour for the fourth time. and at the port of beidaihe jinshan qin shihuang palace. therefore, here is name of qinhuangdao.
tourists, lijiang has beautiful scenery everywhere, said also said not, i hope you will like the scenery. welcome to come next time.
大理一日游导游词篇六
before i came to qufu, many of my friends may have known a lot about qufuand confucius, but some of them didn't know much about them. now, before i enterthe scenic spots, i'd like to briefly introduce qufu and confucius.
qufu is located in the southwest of shandong province, china. there are620000 people in qufu, including an urban population of 100000 and an area of890 square kilometers. the word "qufu" first appeared in erya. ying shaoexplained in the eastern han dynasty that there was a fu in the city of lu, andweiqu was seven or eight li long, so it was named "qufu". in 1012, the fifthyear of dazhongxiangfu, emperor zhenzong of the song dynasty, in order tocommemorate the birth of xuanyuan yellow emperor, the ancestor of the chinesenation, in qufu, he once changed his name to xianyuan county. in 1129, emperortaizong of the jin dynasty renamed qufu, which is still in use today. qufu is asmall city. however, qufu is also an ancient city with 5000 years ofcivilization and culture. in this sacred and ancient land, there are four peopleleft traces of the three emperors and five emperors in ancient chinese ing to historical records, emperor century and other historical records,"the yellow emperor was born in shouqiu", "shaohao ascended the throne from thepoor sang, called qufu as the capital, and was buried in yunyang mountain". now,eight miles east of qufu, there is still a pyramid tomb, shaohao is a chinese saying that "people go to the top, water flows to thebottom". can we understand that our ancestors of the chinese nation migratedfrom here, from the middle and lower reaches of the yellow river to the centralplains, to the loess plateau, while our mother's rivers, the yellow river andthe yangtze river, galloped down from the loess plateau, and finally flowed intothe sea in fact, most of the sages in jiangbei came from qufu. in the feudaltimes of china, there were six saints granted by the emperor. they wereconfucius, mencius, fushengyanzi, shushengzisi, zongshengzengzi andyuanshengzhougong. the first four were born in qufu. the last two were disciplesof confucius and fiefdoms in qufu. zhougong was the king of the state of lu for33 generations, and shandong has been called lu since then. now there are manycultural relics in qufu, including 4 national cultural relics, 11 provincialrelics and more than 100 municipal relics. in 1982, qufu was announced by thestate council as one of the first batch of 24 historical and cultural cities inchina. in 1994, qufu's "three confucius" was officially listed as a worldcultural heritage by the united nations. because of its important contributionto oriental culture, many people call qufu one of the three holy cities in theworld: "oriental mecca". here, you have to ponder, but also can not helpfeeling, because here is deeply rooted in the chinese nation, deeply rooted intraditional chinese culture.
dear friends, in china, in the east, a land with a history of 5000 years ofcivilization, you may not understand the inscriptions on bronzes, or what thehuman head and animal body represent or symbolize. however, when you walk intothe life of the chinese people and walk on the ancient land where the chinesenation thrives and works to create, you can feel and touch the confucian culturein the daily life of the chinese people, and then you can experience thedifferences between the chinese people and other nationalities in their way oflife, customs and ideals. no matter from which angle or level you explore thepersonality and character of the chinese nation, it is not difficult to find thegene of confucian culture. in the long process of historical evolution,confucian culture has almost become the synonym of chinese traditional founder of confucian culture is confucius.
confucius was born in 551 b.c. and died in 479 b.c. at the age of 73. whenconfucius was 3 years old, his father uncle liang he died. when he was 16 yearsold, his mother yan zheng died. young confucius became an orphan and began hislife of making a living, studying and struggling alone in a hierarchical feudalsociety.
as a young man, confucius studied hard and asked questions frequently. inhis youth, he mastered the six arts of etiquette, music, archery, imperial,calligraphy and mathematics, and then mastered the six classics of poetry,calligraphy, etiquette, music, changes and spring and autumn, which laid thefoundation for the establishment of confucian culture.
at the age of 30, confucius set up a school to teach students, and began along education career. he was the first to give private lectures in china, toface the public, and to advocate "education without discrimination". he becamethe first great educator in china and the world.
when confucius was 51 years old, he became a magistrate of zhongdu , he worked as a prime minister in lu. however, not long after that, heresigned and left the state of lu to begin his 14 year tour of othercountries.
when confucius returned to the state of lu at the age of 68, he devotedalmost all his energy to teaching and literature collation until his ius's life is a life of wandering and suffering, a life of hard work andencouragement, a life of spring breeze and rain, a life of cultivating talents,a life of writing books and writing stories, and a life of saving the , although his body has gone up in smoke and ashes, his thoughts havepenetrated into the hearts of every oriental. he has cast the personality andcharacter of the chinese nation. with the development of history and socialprogress, confucius will also guide mankind to stride into the 21st century.
there are many cultural relics and tourist attractions in qufu, most ofwhich are related to confucius and confucius culture. now we are located in thesouth gate of the ancient city of qufuming. to the north of the gate is theconfucius temple, which is known as one of the three ancient buildings in are four characters "wanren palace wall" above the gate. ren is an ancientunit of length, one ren is about 8 feet. it is said that some people praisedconfucius disciple zigong for his knowledge. after hearing that, zigong said,"human knowledge is like a palace wall. my knowledge is only as high as the topof the wall. people can see everything in the wall when they see it. butconfucius, my teacher, has several walls. if you don't find other doors, youcan't see the beauty of the temple and the variety of houses inside the wall.".in order to express their admiration for confucius, hu zuanzong in ming dynastywrote "wanren palace wall" on the city gate. in order to show his worship forconfucius, emperor qianlong in qing dynasty took down the stele and replaced itwith "wanren palace wall". this is the origin of "wanren palace wall".
confucius temple is a temple built by later generations to offer sacrificesto confucius. it was built in the second year after confucius died. with an areaof 327.5 mu, it imitates the imperial palace system. it is divided into ninecourtyards and arranged symmetrically on the left and right. the whole buildingcomplex has 466 rooms, including five halls, one pavilion, one altar, twoverandas, two halls, 17 stele pavilions and 54 gate squares, with a length ofabout 1 km from north to south. confucius temple is the only isolated example inthe history of architecture in the world, which is magnificent, large in area,long in history and well preserved.
outside the east wall of the gate of confucius temple, there is a tabletsaying "officials and people wait to dismount here". in the past, any officialwho came here, military officials would dismount and civil officials woulddismount to show respect for confucius.
the first stone square of confucius temple is called "jin sheng yu zhensquare". mencius once had such a comment on confucius, he said: "confucius iscalled jidacheng, jidacheng, jinsheng and yuzhenzhi.". "jin sheng, yu zhen"refers to the whole process of playing music, which starts with striking thebell and ends with striking the rock. it refers to the great achievement ofconfucius' thought of gathering ancient sages and sages. on the lotus throneabove the stone square, there is a unicorn monster called "ward off evilspirits" or "roar from the sky". this is the only ornament that can be used inthe royal palace of feudal society.
the first gate of confucius temple is called "lingxing gate". "latticestar" is also known as tiantian star. the ancients worshipped heaven first."lingxingmen" was written by qianlong. "taihe yuanqi" square is similar to"jinsheng yuzhen" square. the inscription is written by zeng mian, governor ofshandong province in ming dynasty, praising confucius thought as heaven andearth produce all things. there is a waist gate in the east and west of thecourtyard, and it is written in the east that "demou is as big as heaven andearth, and his theory is the best in ancient and modern times.". this gate iscalled "shengshi gate". from here, we can feel profound and profound. the word"holy time" is taken from the sentence "confucius, the sage of the time" inmencius, which means that among the sages, confucius is the most suitable onefor the times.
when you cross the shengshi gate, you will face the small stone bridge,which is called bishui bridge. there are two gates on both sides of the bridgeto the south. the east gate is called "quick view gate", which means to seefirst. the west gate is called "yanggao gate", which praises confucius' profoundknowledge. when we enter the gate, we call it "hongdao gate". these three wordsare taken from the sentence "people can promote taoism" in the analects ofconfucius. weixing gong, in order to praise confucius for expounding the "tao"of yao, shun, tang and wenwu. this gate is also the gate of confucius temple in1377. then there is "dazhongmen". dazhongmen is the gate of confucius temple insong dynasty. its original name is "gonghemen". its meaning is related toconfucius' doctrine of the mean. looking south from this gate, we can see thehistorical evolution of confucius temple on the one hand, and the continuousexpansion of confucius temple on the other. these buildings include qing dynastybuildings, ming dynasty buildings and song dynasty buildings. they were built indifferent times the craftsmen are different, but they all cooperate with eachother and complement each other to form a whole. looking at the confucius templearchitecture, we can see part of the development history of chinese feudalsociety.
this monument was erected in 1468, the fourth year of chenghua in mingdynasty, so it is also called "chenghua monument". it was erected by zhujianshen, emperor xianzong of ming dynasty. the monument is 6 meters high and 2meters wide. this tablet is famous for its exquisite calligraphy, and itsinscription is written in the form of argumentation, which can be said to be themost highly respected of confucius. please look at the upper right corner. itsays: "only the way of confucius can not be absent in one day when there is aworld." it also says: "the way of confucius is in the world, like cloth, silk,millet and shu, and people's daily use can not be absent.". the animal under themonument is not a tortoise. it's called _ 屭. it's the son of the dragon. it canbear heavy loads, so it's used to carry the monument. there's a saying that "adragon has nine sons, but not a dragon". in the confucius temple, you can seethe dragon and his nine sons. local people often come here to touch _ 屭. theysay: "touch _ 屭's head, never worry, touch _ 屭, never get sick.".
the wooden structure in front of us is called "kuiwen pavilion", which usedto be the library of confucius temple. "kuixing" is one of the twenty-eightconstellations, with sixteen stars, "buckled and hooked, like a painting ofwords". later, people evolved it into the head of civil servants. the feudalemperors compared confucius to the kuixing star in the sky, so confucius wasalso known as "civil servants of all ages". the pavilion is 23.35 meters high,30.1 meters wide and 17.62 meters deep, with triple cornices and four layers ofbrackets. its structure is solid and reasonable. during the reign of emperorkangxi, there was a big earthquake in qufu, where "nine houses in the worldexist, one in the world exists". however, kuiwen pavilion stands upright andsafe, which shows the wisdom and superb architectural art of the ancient workingpeople in china.
we are now entering the sixth courtyard of the confucius temple. in frontof you are 13 stele pavilions, 8 in the south and 5 in the north. there are 55stone tablets of tang, song, yuan, ming and qing dynasties in the pavilion. mostof the inscriptions are in chinese, ba si ba and manchu. the stone tablet in themiddle of this row, weighing about 65 tons, was collected from xishan mountainin beijing. at that time, it was a miracle to transport such a weight stonetablet from thousands of miles away to qufu. there is one gate in the east andone gate in the west of the courtyard, which is the third waist gate of theconfucius temple.
now we enter dachengmen. dachengmen refers to dachengmen in the are five gates in this row. the most western gate is qishengmen, which isdedicated to confucius' parents. dachengmen in the middle road is supplementedby jinshengmen and yuzhenmen. the middle road is the most central place ofconfucius temple, and chengshengmen in the east, which was confucius' formerresidence.
as we all know, confucius is a great thinker, educator and statesman. inour opinion, confucius is first of all an educator. he is the first teacher inchina. the feudal emperor named him "the most sage and the first teacher" and"the model of all ages". it should be said that he is a teacher of all mankindand is worthy of the name of "engineer of human soul". the "apricot altar" infront of us is said to be the place where confucius set up the altar to givelectures, and the pavilion was built in the jin dynasty to commemorate it. thefamous scholar dang huaiying wrote the word "apricot altar". there is an apricottree beside the altar, planted by later generations. in early spring, redflowers bloom and green leaves sway. therefore, when emperor qianlong came topay homage, he once wrote a poem praising it. the poem said: when the rice wasin full bloom again, how could it be that there were many flowers in the world,and the civilization was prosperous all the time.
the main hall standing in front of us is the world-famous "dacheng hall".it is one of the "three main halls" in china. it is as famous as the "taihehall" in the forbidden city of beijing and the "tianfu hall" in the dai templeof mount tai. the hall is 24.8 meters high, 45.78 meters wide and 24.8 metersdeep, with carved beams and painted buildings. the golden wall is brilliant,especially the 28 stone pillars around it. they are all world culturaltreasures. they are all carved with whole stones. the front 10 are deep reliefs,with two dragons playing with pearls on each pillar. they are coiled and rising,lifelike, powerful and varied. in the past, when the emperor came, he wrappedthe pillar in yellow cloth. if they see it, they will be ashamed. there are 72dragons in each column, a total of 1296. in the dacheng hall, there are fourstatues of confucius on both sides. the east and west are fusheng yanhui,shusheng kongji, and the west is zongsheng zengshen and yasheng mencius. another12. every year, on september 26 and 28, we hold a grand international confuciusculture festival and a ceremony to commemorate the birth of confucius, performlarge-scale music and dance for confucius and "xiao shao music and dance", andhold a variety of cultural and tourism activities. welcome to our time.
大理一日游导游词篇七
dear friends;
how do you do!
confucius said, "it's a pleasure to have friends coming from afar.". today,with this famous saying of confucius, i welcome you to visit qufu, confucius'hometown. i'm your local tour guide. i hope you can have a better understandingof the three confucius culture through my explanation. i hope you have a goodtime here and have a good time. before entering the scenic area, please allow meto give you a brief introduction of sankong scenic area and qufu. qufu islocated in the southwest of shandong province, with a population of 620000 and atotal area of 890 square kilometers. the word "qufu" first appeared in shao explained in the eastern han dynasty that there was a fu in the cityof lu, and weiqu was seven or eight li long, so it was named "qufu". the tourguide service of the association, in 1012 ad, was once renamed "xianyuan" countyto commemorate the birth of xuanyuan yellow emperor, the ancestor of the chinesenation. in the seventh year of emperor taizong's tianhui, it was also renamedqufu, and has been used since then.
wanren palace wall: now our location is just outside the south gate of theancient city of qufuming, which is called wanren palace wall. there are four bigcharacters "wanren palace wall" right above the gate. "ren" is an ancient unitof length, one ren is about 8 feet, equivalent to 1.6 meters now. it is saidthat some people praised confucius' disciple zigong for his knowledge. afterhearing that, zigong said, "human knowledge is like a palace wall. my knowledgeis only as high as the top of the wall. but confucius, my teacher, has severalwalls. if you don't find its door, you can't see the beauty of the temple in thewall.". in order to show his worship of confucius, emperor qianlong of qingdynasty ordered people to hang the four characters "wanren palace wall" on thewall.
1、 confucius temple
overview of confucius temple: confucius temple is a temple dedicated toconfucius, a thinker, statesman and educator in our country during the springand autumn period,
confucius temple is the largest and oldest one. it has become one of thethree ancient buildings in china along with the forbidden city and summerresort. the temple is 1130 meters long, 168 meters wide from east to west,covering an area of 150000 square meters. the whole complex is divided into ninecourtyards arranged symmetrically. there are five halls, one ancestral temple,one pavilion, one altar, two verandas, two halls, 17 stele pavilions, 53gatehouses, a total of 466. the building area is about 16000 square ius temple is known as "solitary example" in the history of worldarchitecture. it integrates history, architectural culture, art, calligraphy,stone carvings and ancient tombs. it is the crystallization of the wisdom ofancient laborers in our country. it is a precious historical and culturalheritage. in 1961, it was announced as the first batch of cultural relicsprotection units by the state council. in 1994, it was listed as a worldcultural heritage by unesco. in 20__, it was listed as a national 5a touristattraction.
"jinshengyuzhen" square: it is the first gate square of confucius was built in the 17th year of jiajing reign of ming dynasty. it is 5.6 metershigh and 13.5 meters long, with octagonal columns. on the top of the column,there is a armored animal guarding against heaven and evil. on the lintel, theinscription "jin sheng yu zhen" is written by hu zuanzong, a great calligrapherof the ming dynasty. the four words "jin sheng yu zhen" come from mencius. usingthe meaning of mencius, it expresses confucius' consummate knowledge, just likethe whole process of playing music, which is complete from beginning to t music begins with the ringing of a bell and ends with the striking of achime. praising confucius for his learning is like the sound of gold and sound of gold is the sound of a bell, indicating the beginning, and thesound of jade is the sound of a chime, indicating the end. this is also thesource of the idiom "doing things from beginning to end". "two cypresses bearone hole": passing yuzhenfang, this single hole stone arch bridge is called"panshui bridge", which is connected with the water in the pan pool beside thepalace, so it is called "pan water". in the past, when i read the book ofconfucius and mencius, i was admitted to higher education, which is called"entering hope". officials hope to be promoted, do business, hope to get rich,and live a prosperous life. there is an ancient cypress on both sides of thebridge, so it is called "two cypresses bear one hole". after the bridge, thereare two stone tablets on the east and west, which are engraved with "officialsand people waiting to dismount here", and called "dismounting stele". in thepast, civil and military officials and common people passed by, so they had todismount and get off the sedan chair to show their respect for confucius."lingxing gate": this gate is called "lingxing gate". it was built in the mingdynasty. "lingxingmen" was inscribed by qianlong. there are two or eight starsin the sky, and the one in charge of culture is called "lingxing", also known aswenqu star. connecting confucius with the star in charge of culture in the skyis enough to prove that confucius' culture stone is the highest. the ancientsworshipped the heaven, first of all, they worshipped wenqu star. there is asaying that respecting confucius is like respecting heaven. you see, the squareis 10.34 meters high and 13 meters wide. the columns are cut up and down. theintersection of the two sections is supported by a strong stone column. on thehead of the column are the portraits of the four heavenly kings, and in themiddle are the pearls of fire. it means that the door is protected by gate was rebuilt from wood to iron beams and stone columns.
dazhongmen: dazhongmen is the main gate of the confucius temple in the songdynasty. it was rebuilt in the qing dynasty. the three words "dazhongmen" wereinscribed by emperor qianlong. its original name was gonghemen, and later it wasrenamed dazhongmen. the large and medium-sized facade is extended to 5 rooms,which is a single eaves building on the top of the mountain. on the one hand, wecan see the continuous expansion of confucius temple, on the other hand, we cansee the historical evolution of confucius temple.
chenghua stele: the chenghua stele we see now is the most famous one in theconfucius temple, which was set up by zhu jianshen, the emperor of chenghua inthe ming dynasty. there are two things that have attracted the attention of yourcelebrities. first, chenghua tablet's regular script is well written,standardized, exquisite and attractive; the second is the highest evaluation ofconfucius. emperors of all dynasties have commented on confucius. the highestevaluation is emperor chenghua. he compares confucius' ideas and methods toeating, dressing and spending money. one day is inseparable from them. withconfucius' principles and methods, one can make the best use of one's talents,materials and land. otherwise, it will be a mess. it is said that if there isconfucius' way, there will be a world. if there is no confucius' way, there willbe no world. if there is anti confucius' way, there will be no world.
tongwenmen: take the meaning of tongwenmen. that is to say, only withconcerted efforts and unity can we do a good job; the writing should be unified,only with unified writing can we record the experience of historicalcommunication, and random writing will lead to confusion. tongwen gate is animportant barrier in front of kuiwen pavilion.
kuiwen pavilion: the wooden structure building in front of us is called"kuiwen pavilion". originally known as the library, kuiwen pavilion is a placefor collecting the secretary of the emperor. it was first built in the songdynasty. there are seven rooms on three floors. this magnificent building ismade entirely of wood, without riveting. like building blocks, it has become an"isolated example" in the history of chinese architecture. after severalearthquakes, "kuiwenge" was not destroyed. during the reign of kangxi, there wasa great earthquake in qufu, "houses in the world are nine, but there is one".however, kuiwenge stands upright and safe, which shows the wisdom and superbarchitectural art of the ancient working people in our country.
thirteen stele pavilions: now we enter the sixth courtyard of confuciustemple. there are 13 stele pavilions and 55 steles. they were established intang, song, yuan, ming and qing dynasties. most of the inscriptions are writtenin chinese, ba si ba and manchu, which are records of the emperor's posthumoustitle and seal, temple worship and temple renovation. in order to show himself,the qing emperor built the stele pavilion in front of it, which led to theappearance of courtyard. this kind of architecture structure is called"intrigue" in ancient architecture. there are eight steles in the south and fivesteles in the north. eight in the south and five in the north, so it is calledthe thirteen stele pavilion. because they were all stele pavilions approved bythe emperor, it is also called "imperial stele pavilion".
dachengmen: now we enter dachengmen, "dachengmen" refers to dachengmen,which was rebuilt by fire in the qing dynasty. the three characters ofdachengmen were inscribed by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty.
master hand planted cypress: the cypress tree in dachengmen was planted byconfucius. according to records, confucius once planted three trees here, andthen two died. this tree withered three times and thrived three times. there isalso a saying that "when the cypress tree grows more and more, the kong familygrows more and more.". the five characters of "the first teacher planted cypressby hand" were written by yang guangxun, a talented man in wanli period of mingdynasty. apricot altar: the "apricot altar" in front of us was built in the songdynasty to commemorate confucius' lectures. it is said that confucius taught tohis disciples under the big apricot tree on the platform. because there areapricot trees around here, it is called "apricot altar". in the pavilion ofxingtan, there are two steles. on the front of one stele is engraved the"xingtan fu" written by emperor qianlong when he first came to qufu, which isregular script. on the back is the running script inscribed by emperor qianlongwhen he came to xingtan for the second time. dacheng hall: the hall standing infront of us is the world-famous "dacheng hall". it is one of the "three mainhalls" in china. it is as famous as the "taihe hall" in the forbidden city inbeijing and the "tianfu hall" in the dai temple in taishan mountain. itsmagnificence is more than it can be. the hall is 24.8 meters high, 45.78 meterswide and 24.8 meters deep, with carved beams and painted buildings. the goldenwall is brilliant, especially the 28 stone pillars around it. they are all worldcultural treasures. they are all carved with whole stones. the front 10 are deepreliefs, with two dragons playing with pearls on each pillar. they are coiledand rising, lifelike, powerful and varied. in the past, when the emperor came,the kong family wrapped the column in yellow cloth. i'm afraid they'll beashamed if they see it. the dragon pillars on both sides and the back porch arebas reliefs, with 72 dragons per pillar, a total of 1296. there is a statue ofconfucius in the dacheng hall. every year, on september 26 and 28, we hold agrand international confucius culture festival and a ceremony to commemorate thebirth of confucius. we perform large-scale music and dance for confucius and"xiao shao music and dance" and hold a variety of cultural and tourismactivities. welcome to our time. two verandahs: the houses on the east and westsides of dacheng hall are called "two verandahs", which are places where thelater generations worship the sages and scholars. most of the worthy confuciansare famous figures in the later confucian school. in the tang dynasty, therewere only more than 20 people. by the time of the republic of china, there were156 people. these people were originally portraits. in the jin dynasty, theywere statues. in the chenghua period of the ming dynasty, they were all woodentablets with names on them, and they were consecrated in shrines. now there arestone carvings of all ages on display in the two verandas.
bedroom hall: turn back along the corridor of dacheng hall, then you cometo the bedroom hall. the bedchamber is a place for offering sacrifices toconfucius' wife. it is the third largest building of confucius ius' wife was born in song dynasty in the late spring and autumn guan, who had a compound surname, married confucius at the age of 19. he wasa good wife and mother and died seven years before confucius. he was honored as"the lady of the supreme sage". enjoy sacrifice as confucius. there are 28 stonepillars carved with phoenix. each pillar is carved with 72 phoenix, the samenumber as the dragon. so it's called "long feng cheng xiang"
yuhonglou legal stickers: the 572 "yuhonglou legal stickers" displayed hereare descendants of confucius in the qianlong period of the qing dynasty.
kong jisu collected the handwriting of the famous calligraphers of the pastdynasties and copied it. these stone carvings were originally placed in theyuhong building of the "twelve fu" in qufu. they were moved to the confuciustemple in 1951 and displayed in 1964. they are of great artistic value forcalligraphy lovers.
temple of miracles: the last building of confucius temple. it was built inthe wanli period of the ming dynasty and was presided over by the censor hechuguang. there are 120 paintings and stone carvings in the hall, which reflectthe main activities and remarks of confucius' life. it is the first stonecarvings with complete character stories in our country.
2、 confucius mansion
front hall building of confucius' mansion: it is the place where confucius'76th generation grandson kong lingyi and his wife live. here you can experiencethe living room of the royal palace of the feudal dynasty. the existing qiantangbuilding was rebuilt in the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty, witheast and west buildings on both sides. it was built in the qing dynasty. hung inthe middle of the hall are four big characters written by kong lingyi, whichmeans that the kong family will remain prosperous and vigorous forever.
confucius' mansion: adjacent to the confucius temple, it is the residenceof confucius' eldest son and grandson. it has three roads, nine courtyards andconfucius' mansion, also known as "yansheng mansion". "yan sheng" means that"sheng dao" and "sheng yi" can be inherited from generation to generation. largescale construction was carried out in the qing dynasty. this is the confucianmansion, which is a typical building in our feudal society.
confucius' greedy wall: there is a unicorn shaped animal on the door ofconfucius' house called "greedy". it is said that this animal is very viciousand can swallow gold and silver. although it is full of treasures at its feetand around, it is still not satisfied and wants to eat the sun in the sky. it isreally "greedy". in the past, confucius painted greedy paintings here, and youcan see them when you go out it is also a warning to our children andgrandchildren not to be corrupt and pervert the law.
hall: it is the place where emperor yan read the imperial edict, metofficials, tried cases, and held ceremonies on festivals and birthdays. itdisplays the first-class nobility. on the north side of the wall, those goldlettered signs on a red background are the symbols of nobility and privilege,commonly known as "eighteen cloud tiles". with these brands, yan shenggong hasbeen able to travel freely in beijing.
second hall: it was the place where yan shenggong met with officials abovegrade four and was entrusted by the emperor to take the examination of rites andmusic for the imperial court every year. there are seven royal steles in thehouse, including the stele of "fu shou" written by emperor daoguang of the qingdynasty, the character of "shou" written by the kind empress dowager and thepicture of pine and crane.
third hall: also known as the retreat hall, is the place where yanshenggong deals with family disputes and punishes servants in the house. theplaque of "six generations of han yi" hanging in the middle of the house waswritten by emperor qianlong. at that time, six generations of confucius lived inthe same hall. this plaque means that the six generations lived in harmony andhad a happy life.
inner house gate: after the three halls, it is the inner house part ofconfucius' mansion, also known as inner house courtyard. the inner door isseparated from the outside. this gate is heavily guarded and no one is allowedto enter without permission. the emperor of qing dynasty specially granted threepairs of weapons, namely huwei stick, yanyi boring and jintou jade stick. thegatekeeper stood in front of the door with weapons, and those who disobeyed theorders were punished severely. on the west side of the door, there is a specialwater tank, shiliu, which is exposed outside the wall. according to theregulations of the government, the water bearer is not allowed to enter theinner house, but only pour the water into the inner wall of the tank to flowinto the inner house.
front upper room: it is the living room for the master of confucius toreceive his close relatives and jinzhi people. it is also the main place forthem to hold family banquets and weddings and funerals. the room is decoratedwith gorgeous furnishings, cultural relics and antiques.
houtanglou: the residence of kongdecheng, the seventy seventh generation ofconfucius. kong decheng was born in 1920. less than two months after he wasborn, he was appointed by the then president xu shichang as the emperor ofxifeng. in 1935, he was awarded the title of "the most holy and venerableofficial of dacheng" by nanjing national government. she married ms. sun qifangin 1936. most of the time after that, he was in chongqing and nanjing with thenational government, and moved from nanjing to chinese taiwan on the eve of theliberation of the mainland in 1949.
back garden of confucius mansion: it was built in the 16th year of hongzhiin ming dynasty. after three major repairs, it covers an area of more than 50mu. in the jiaqing period of the qing dynasty, when kong qingfei, the 73rdgeneration grandson of confucius, rebuilt the garden, he placed several largeiron ores in it, so it was also called "iron mountain garden". among them, "fivecypress baohuai" is a cypress tree in the middle and a sophora tree around, soit is called five cypress baohuai. it's a wonder in the garden. it symbolizesthe confucius family's family life of mutual love, mutual assistance and mutualaid for hundreds of years.
3、 kong lin
kong lin: it is the cemetery of confucius and his family. it is the longestand largest family cemetery in the world. konglin is located on the northernsurabaya of qufu city, covering an area of 3000 mu. there are four types ofchinese classical architecture: palace, garden, mausoleum and temple. theconfucius temple in confucius' mansion embodies the characteristics of palaceand garden temple, while the confucius forest is a kind of mausoleum and ius temple and confucius mansion show the profundity of confucius thoughtand the solemnity of your family. kong lin embodies the glory of confucius andhis descendants after their death. since confucius was buried with his wife,people planted trees for the beginning of confucius forest. after more than twothousand years of continuous expansion of more than 70 belts, a large area ofkong family cemetery kong lin was gradually formed.
shinto: out of the north gate of fucheng, there is a road leading toguling, so you call it konglin shinto. in the ancient concept, shinto was thechannel sent by the gods when confucius accepted the sacrifice. the whole shintois paved with green stones, and the ancient cypresses are arranged on both sidesof the shinto until the door of konglin. they come in different shapes,
大理一日游导游词篇八
today, my mother and i came to yichang.
first of all, we live in the longquan mountain villa. the scenery here is good, is across the yangtze river and the lower laoxi, xiling gorge.
the next day, we went to the gezhouba dam. let me introduce the yangtze river gezhouba: yangtze river gezhouba water conservancy hub project, is the first river in our country, the first large scale hydropower projects built on the yangtze river. the project and its permanent equipment all by our design, construction, manufacturing and installation.
the gezhouba project is located in the yangtze river three gorges export, in yichang, hubei province. after the yangtze river the three gorges ends at nanjinguan, suddenly open, river by broadening abruptly three hundred meters to three hundred meters. the gezhouba and by the river on the river xiba two island is divided into three shares, from right to left, referred to as the great river, jiang and the sanjiang, respectively. great river is the main channel of the yangtze river, navigable all the year round, two jiang and the sanjiang only in the flood water. gezhouba water conservancy hub is built in which.
the gezhouba project is mainly composed of locks, power plants and discharging sluices, sluice and the water retaining structure.
dam, the dam, 47 meters high total length of 2595 meters, control river basin area of 100 square kilometers, the total capacity of 1.58 billion cubic meters. excavation backfilling conditions of 111.3 million cubic meters, the whole project of eleven million one hundred and thirty thousand cubic meters of concrete, the installation of metal structure of 77500 tons.
the gezhouba project building three locks in the three rivers and river, in one way through capacity of 20 million tons recently, forward is up to 50 million tons. 2, no. 3 shiplock head bay bridge set activity. crest road and rail. in rivers and two each a massive runoff hydropower station, a total of 21 sets, total capacity of 2.71 million kilowatts, the average annual output of 14.1 billion degrees. a discharge sluice in two massive, three rivers and river each building a sluice, all open, is safe to vent in the history of the yangtze river flood largest 110000 cubic.
gezhouba dam construction in two phases.
first phase of the gezhouba water conservancy construction in the three rivers and two river. one phase of the project includes two river power plant, discharge sluice and sanjiang 2, 3 two locks, sluice and so on five big buildings and other water retaining structure.
yangtze river gezhouba water conservancy construction, not only for industrial and agricultural production to provide strong power in central china, and effectively improve familiar gorge channel, at the same time for the construction of the yangtze river three gorges water conservancy hub project, china's largest accumulation of test, improve technology, training team.
on the third day, we visited the world's largest water conservancy hub project, the three gorges.
the three gorges project mainly include blocking river dam, hydropower station, such as lock composed of three parts.
we went to visit the yangtze river three gorges project target figure and original geomorphological map to recognize the three gorges dam site of three gorges project being built at zhongbaodao island as "hard granite rock mass", is the most ideal to build the dam dam site.
and i looked at the three gorges project night scene graph, the three gorges of the night view is very beautiful!
we really great, even the waves of the yangtze river can be under control.
