在日常学习、工作或生活中,大家总少不了接触作文或者范文吧,通过文章可以把我们那些零零散散的思想,聚集在一块。范文书写有哪些要求呢?我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢?下面我给大家整理了一些优秀范文,希望能够帮助到大家,我们一起来看一看吧。
二年级下册数学说课稿人教版篇一
1.发展从情境图中获取信息、提出问题的能力。
2.结合具体情境,发展估算能力,探索加减混合运算的方法,并能正确计算。
3.能运用所学知识,解决简单的实际问题,体会数学与实际生活的联系。
(一)谈话导入
师:同学们,昨天老师让你们回家做了一个家庭理财调查,你们都调查好了吗?
(前一天发给学生如下的调查表。)
本月家庭理财调查表
爸爸收入
妈妈收入
家庭生活费
计划购买商品
元
元
元
元的
(评析 本环节旨在引起学生的好奇心,“做这个调查要干什么”引起学生对本节课的极大关注,为下一步解决问题奠定了基础。)
生:调查好了。
师:谁把自己调查的情况说给大家听听。
生1:妈妈的收入是860元,爸爸的收入是1500元,每月生活费是1000元,计划购买的商品是4000元的电脑。
生2:妈妈的收入是1100元,爸爸的收入是2560元,每月生活费是1200元,
划购买的商品是5000元的健身器。
生3:妈妈的收入是790元,爸爸的收入是1280元,每月生活费是900元,计划购买的商品是3500元的空调。
师:这几个同学们做的调查非常好!有!有个叫小刚的同学也回家做了一个调查,你们想知道吗?
生:想。
(二)创设情境,解决问题
(屏幕显示:小刚的妈妈说:“我的收入是412元。”小刚的爸爸说:“我的收入是586元。”小刚的妈妈说:“我们家每月的生活费是780元。”)
师:看到这里,你能提出什么数学问题?
生1:小刚的爸爸比妈妈多收入多少钱?
生2:他们共收入多少钱?
生3:小刚家每月还剩多少钱?
师:你能估算出小刚家每月大约节余多少钱吗?小组讨论后,自己解答。
师:哪位同学说一说你的估算结果?
师:同学们这么快就估算出来了,那么你们能实际算出小刚家每月可以节余多少元吗?请同学们做在练习本上。
(找一生说答案,全班订正。师板书:412+586-780=998-780=218(元)。)
师:小刚家也有一个计划。你们想知道吗?
(看屏幕:小刚的妈妈说:“我想用节余的钱买一台价格是620元的洗衣机,帮妈妈算一算,需要攒几个月?”小刚做思考状。)
师:同学们,你们能帮助小刚解决这个问题吗?
生:能。
(评析课件引起了学生的注意,激发了学生的好奇心。学生的好胜心很强,对帮助小刚解决问题个个信心十足,立即投入了积极思考的状态中。)
师:小组讨论,然后全班交流。
生1:620-218=402 402-218=184 攒3个月
生2:218+218=436 620-436=184 攒3个月
生3:218+218=436 436+218=654 攒3个月
师:通过讨论,同学们想出了这么多的方法帮助小刚解决了问题,看看小刚说什么?
(评析本环节的设计初衷是给学生创造机会,让他们自己去发现问题,提出问题。由于是生活中的素材,因此,人人参与,课堂气氛热烈。由于每个人的思维不同,解决问题的方法也是多种多样,学生的个性得到充分体现。)
师:请同学们仔细观察这个算式,看看它与我们前两节课所学的内容有什么不同?
生:我们前两节课学习的是连加、连减,而这个算式里有加有减。
师:你观察得可真细心。像这样一个算式中有加有减,而且每个数都是三位数,这样的运算我们就叫它“三位数加减混合运算”。(板书课题:三位数加减混合运算)刚才,两名同学用了不同的方法计算,你想提醒同学们在脱式或竖式计算时要注意什么?
生:竖式计算时要数位对齐,从个位算起。
生:要看是不是进位或退位。
师:你想得真周到。
生:脱式计算时,要从左往右算。
师:(小结)大家的建议都很好,很合理。我们来整理一下:脱式计算时要按照从左到右的顺序进行计算,有括号先算括号里的;竖式计算时要注意相同数位对齐,从个位算起,注意是否有进位或退位。不论用竖式还是脱式,我们都要细心计算,规范书写。
(三)理解应用
师:老师也为同学们的聪明才智感到高兴,现在你就是你们家的小管家,请你用自己喜欢的方法计算出购买计划中的商品,用每月节余的钱,需要攒几个月。数据多的同学可用计算器帮忙,有困难的同学可以请小组成员或老师帮忙。
(评析此环节旨在巩固本节课的重点、难点,如果单纯地出一道题,学生会感到枯燥乏味,但让他们计算自己家的理财计划,学生的情绪又高涨起来了。另外,可以让学生使用计算器,他们感到很高兴,继续保持高涨的学习激情。)
(三)回顾总结
这节课你有哪些收获?同学们用很多的方法帮助小刚解答了问题,同时也做好了自己家的理财计划,并掌握了加减混合计算的方法,同学们的课上得非常好。
课前,我先让学生回家做一个调查,引起学生的好奇心,从而引起对本节课的极大关注。课堂上,学生精神高度集中,为下一步解决问题奠定了基础。帮小刚解决问题时,学生情绪高涨,因为这就是发生在自己身边的事,只是平日从不参与,这次让他们自己当“管家”,他们的学习兴趣一下就激发出来了。课堂上,小组讨论气氛热烈,学生解决问题的方法多种多样,让我为之一振。由于取材于生活,学生感到很熟悉,因此表达起来非常流畅,把一个理财计划说得井井有条。在学生自主探索、合作交流中得到的知识,相信将会令他们终身难忘。这节课,我感到学生在学习加减混合运算的过程中,并不感到枯燥乏味,因为问题情境很贴近他们的生活。学生体会到了数学就在我们身边,并能运用不同的方法解决生活中的简单问题。
我自己认为这节课总体上达到了预期目的,但由于学生的差异,个别学生的思考速度跟不上小组的讨论,因此就干脆放弃。另外,虽然在课前,我强调是近几个月内的计划,有些学生在计算时才知道要攒8~9个月,这样在计算时就耽误了时间。
通过反思,提醒我在今后备课中要关注每个细节,努力提高自身教学以及处理事件的能力,以便在今后的课堂教学中更上一层楼。
本课利用教材中提供的情境,引导学生提出问题,注重利用已有的知识和经验,通过独立思考、合作交流,探索适当的解决问题的方法。
1. 创设情境,引导学生在具体的情境中提出问题、解决问题
考虑到学生已有的知识基础,创设“买洗衣机”的情境,紧密联系了学生的现实生活,学生感到非常熟悉、亲切。让学生亲自参与到家庭的“理财”计划中,使学生在理财的过程中,探索加减混合的计算方法,使他们感受学习数学的价值,激发学习数学的兴趣。
2.探索计算方法,鼓励算法多样化
百以内加减法已经为学生万以内加减法打下了一定的基础,因此,教师应引导学生自主探索三位数加减法的计算方法。本节课,在教师的正确引导下,通过小组合作交流,体现算法多样化。学生能灵活运用不同的方法解决生活中的简单问题,并对结果的合理性进行判断。
本节课还注重提高学生语言表达能力,教师对学习有困难的学生给予了热情的帮助,增强学生学习数学的信心。需要注意的是,课堂中在充分让学生合作探讨的同时,要注意合理搭配每一环节的时间,把握住重点内容进行教学。
学生已经在一年级学习了百以内的连加、连减、加减混合运算,在本册第六单元又学习了万以内数的加减法。本节课在此基础上,创设了“买洗衣机”的情境,引导学生解决问题,在解决问题的过程中,注意培养学生的估算意识,提倡方法多样性。然后,再让学生根据具体情境,选择适当的方法解决问题。本节课创设的“买洗衣机”的情境,是我们在日常生活中常见的生活素材,学生感到非常熟悉。让学生亲自参与到家庭的“理财”计划中,使学生在“理财”的过程中,探索加减混合的计算方法,会使学生感受学习数学的价值,激发学习数学的兴趣。
学生知识面比较丰富,对教材中的情境非常熟悉,帮小明解决问题时,学生情绪高涨,因为这就是发生在自己身边的事,只是平日从不参与,这次让他们自己当“管家”,学习兴趣一下就激发出来了。学生对数学学习兴趣浓厚,敢想、敢说、敢问,思维活跃。低年级学生好奇心强,小组成员按每组4人进行合理搭配,有利于合作交流。课堂上,小组讨论气氛热烈,学生解决问题的方法多种多样。让学生在自主探索、合作交流中得到知识,相信将会令他们终身难忘。
本课利用教材中提供的情境,引导学生利用已有的知识和经验,通过独立思考、合作交流,探索适当的解决问题的方法。
1.创设情境,引导学生在具体的情境中解决问题
考虑到学生已有的知识基础,创设“买洗衣机”的情境,紧密联系了学生的现实生活,学生感到非常熟悉。让学生亲自参与到家庭的“理财”计划中,使学生在理财的过程中,探索加减混合的计算方法,使他们感受学习数学的价值,激发学习数学的兴趣。
2.探索计算方法,鼓励解题策略多样化
百以内加减法已经为学生学习万以内加减法打下了一定的基础,因此,应注重引导学生自主探索三位数加减法的计算方法。本节课,在教师的引导下,通过小组合作交流,体现解题策略多样化。学生能灵活运用不同的方法解决生活中的简单问题,并对结果的合理性进行判断。
通过解决“买洗衣机”这一问题,让学生学会3位数的加减混合运算,并获得解决生活中的实际问题的能力。着重体现了以下四个方面:
一、体现问题性
问题是开启任何一门科学的钥匙,是生长新思想、新方法、新知识的种子。所以在教学中,我注重培养学生的问题意识,提高解决问题的能力。如在导入时,我说:“愿意帮忙解决买洗衣机的问题吗?”这种探讨问题的资源来自于学生,缩短了数学与学生生活的距离。
二、体现体验性
本节课通过学生小组讨论、交流,寻求解决问题的方法。学生通过自己的独立思考,体验数学活动充满着活动与创造,这样所学的知识记得深,记得牢。
三、体现合作性
合作学习是新课程实现学生学习方式转变的着眼点。本节课先让学生独立思考,然后,4人小组合作探索“每月节余的钱需要攒几个月可以买一台620元的洗衣机?”这个问题,在合作中小组长对组员的任务进行分工、安排;记录员及时记录每人的思考情况;发言员把小组中的想法在全班中反馈。学生在合作中体现了组内合作,组外竞争的探讨氛围,拓展了学生学习的空间。
四、体现解题策略多样化
解题策略多样化是数学课程标准的一个重要思想,鼓励学生多角度多策略解题主要包括下面三方面:(1)尊重学生独立思考;(2)学生表达多样化;(3)解题方法多样化,但不是让学生掌握多种解题方法。本节课中,我尊重学生自己的方法,让学生用自己喜欢的方法解决问题。学得生动活泼,大胆用自己的语言表达想法,创新的火花在课堂中自然而然地迸射出来。
二年级下册数学说课稿人教版篇二
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二年级下册数学说课稿人教版篇三
《锐角和钝角》的说课稿 我说课的内容是义务教育课程标准实验教材二年级下册第三单元:图形与变换的第一课时锐角和钝角.
一、说教材
通过二年级上册《角的初步认识》的学习,学生已经学会如何辨认角和直角,知道角的大小与两边张开的程度有关,并会用三角板来判断一个角是否是直角。本单元在此基础上,让学生认识锐角和直角。判断一个角是直角、锐角还是钝角,都是用三角板上的直角进行比较,体现了方法的前后一致性,学生比较容易掌握。
通过这部分知识的学习,学生可以使用更准确的、更具体的数学化语言描述生活中的数学现象。进行数学交流。例如,在描述红领巾上的三个角时,可以说出“有两个锐角和一个钝角”的结论,二年级上学期就只能说有三个角,没有直角。另外,直角、锐角和钝角概念的掌握,可以为进一步学习角的度量奠定基础。
本单元一开始就设计了一幅生动有趣的的游乐场的情境图,图中包含了本单元涉及到的各种概念。例如,风车上相邻两片扇叶之间成直角,秋千架上有直角,观览车上有锐角,滑梯上有钝角…..这是主题图所涉及到的关于锐角与钝角的概念。接下来就是第一课时的教学,教材通过以下步骤来教学锐角和钝角的概念的.首先,呈现上海杨浦大桥的情境图,图上有直角,也有锐角和钝角,接着从图上抽取3个角的局部,使学生清晰地看到我们所要观察的角.然后通过用三角板上的直角进行比较,看到三个角大小不同.最后,抽象出一般的角,给出各种角的名称,并提供判断的标准.接下来就是做一做.本环节是让学生通过不同的活动巩固对三种角的认识,图中的3个小朋友分别用不同的方法做出不同的角,有折纸有做活动角的,还有用铅笔搭出来的.
根据大纲的要求和教材所处的承上启下地位,我确定本节课教学目标如下:
1、使学生结合生活情景能辨认锐角和钝角,能用简洁的语言完整、准确地描述锐角和钝角的特征、并学会借助工具来验证锐角、直角和钝角。
2、让学生经历观察、操作、分类、比较等数学活动,培养学生的观察能力、分析能力、抽象能力、口头表达能力和创造能力,进一步建立几何图形
的空间观念,丰富学生的形象思维。
3、通过生活情景的创设,感受生活中处处有数学;通过用角来创造
美丽的图案,进一步感受几何图形的美。
教学重点:让学生通过直角来辨认锐角和钝角。
教学难点:用三角板上的直角判断是锐角还是钝角。
二、说教法、学法
根据教学的要求,结合教材的特点,为了完成教学任务,我主要采用情景教
学法,创造生动具体的教学情境,使学生在愉快的情景中学习数学知识。学生通过自己的探索,与同桌合作交流,自主建立锐角和钝角的表象,直观认识锐角和钝角,在抽象出几何图形,让他们经历形成过程。学生再通过联系生活的实际,感受生活中也有锐角和钝角,生活中处处有数学。
三、说教学过程
根据教材的内容和学生的认知水平,我设计了以下几个教学过程:(一)情境导入,感知角(二)分类比较,认识锐角和钝角(三)巩固练习,丰富感知(四)课堂总结 布置作业
一、情境导入,感知角
师:小朋友有没有去过凤凰山主题乐园啊?
师:孙老师去过。今天孙老师就带领大家去参观一下怎么样?
出示主题图
师:看多棒的游乐场啊!谁能说说你看到了什么啊?
师:其实在这个游乐园里啊还藏着一个我们的老朋友,想知道是谁吗?
师出示找到的一个角,它就是我们的老朋友:角
师:你已经知道了哪些关于角的知识啊?
师:你还能找到“角”吗?
(创设学生熟悉和喜欢的情境,引发学生的自觉参与学习活动,帮助学生温旧导新)
二、分类比较,认识锐角和钝角
师一一出现学生找到的角。(课件出示)
师:小朋友们真棒,找了那么多的角!如果把这些角放在一起,你会分类吗?
师:请小朋友拿出这张纸,四人小组合作讨论,先仔细观察这些角,再进行分类,分好后请选个代表说理由。
1、生分类,师巡回指导
2、学生反馈(有2种分法,一种是按照是否是直角来分的;另一种是按照直角的大小,分成比直角大或小三类)
师:谁能说说你们组是怎么分的啊?
(当学生只有出现第一种分法时,老师这样引导)
师:第一种分法是以直角为标准,把直角的分为一类,,不是直角的分为另一类,这种分类方法不错,但是显得有点粗糙。能不能将不是直角的这一类再分的细点呢?(引导学生说出第二种分法)
师:看这一组比刚才就显得详细多了,你们为什么这样分啊?
(有的角比直角大,有的比直角小)
师:能告诉大家你们是怎么知道的呢?
3、引出锐角和钝角的含义。
师:小朋友们同意这类分法吗?
真棒!你们想的跟数学家们一样,他们也把这样大大小小的角分成了三类,(一类是直角;一类是比直角小的角;另一类是比直角大的角)(边说边画角)
师:你认为这类角有什么共同特点?
师:数学家们把比直角小的角叫做锐角。
师:那这一类的角呢?
师:这样的一类叫做钝角(指着比直角大的角),钝角他比直角大。这就是角的三兄弟。
(这一环节选取各种的角让学生在原来的知识基础上把角进行分类,让他们自主探索,在小组活动中体验成功的喜悦,从而自然的引出本课内容—锐角和钝角)
4、建立三者之间关系的表象
师:现在小朋友们对角的三兄弟的样子已经有了初步的印象吧。请小朋友们拿出活动角,先表示一个直角,再表示一个锐角。
师:请你说说你是怎么操作的啊?(张口变得小一点)
师:你们变得锐角都是一样的吗?(锐角有无数个)
师:现在仍旧用活动角表示一个直角,在此基础上表示一个钝角,
你们是怎么操作的啊?
你能变几个钝角啊?
师:你发现了什么啊?
结论:直角的张口变大就是钝角,直角张口越小,就是锐角。
师:那你能用一个符号表示他们三兄弟的关系吗?(锐角〈直角〈钝角〉
三、巩固练习,丰富感知
(1)快速判断(练习九的第二题
(2)找生活中的角
1、师:谢谢大家的礼物,今天我的收获真多,接下来让我们一起去找找生活中的角吧.这是乐乐的一天的生活片段,请小朋友仔细观察,找找哪里有角?是什么角?(出示练习九的1的四幅图)
(内容大致这样:乐乐起床穿衣服----上体育课跳高-------下午放学回家在爬楼梯,把衣服撕破了——帮妈妈买剪刀,要补衣服)
2、找教室中的角
师:那你能找找教室中的锐角和钝角吗?找到的小朋友请站到有角的地方去。
生反馈
(3)制作小礼物
师:今天孙老师为小朋友们当导游,让大家经历了一次难忘的旅行,而且还增长了见识,是不是该送份礼物给孙老师啊?
师:孙老师要大家亲身制作的礼物。愿意吗?
1、出示制作要求:小组合作用不同的方法展示一个锐角、一个直角、一个钝角。制作材料:小棒6根,直尺4把,各种三角板共8个,图钉2个,彩纸2张,硬纸条4根)
师:做礼物时,要求四人一组合作,发挥自己的想象力,拿出纸袋里的学具或别的物品,用不同的方法展示一个锐角、一个直角、一个钝角。可以折角动手做角,也可以画角,用三角板拼角.请组长记录一下,看哪个小组的方法多又好啊?
2 (播放音乐,教师巡视,了解学生制作情况)
师:老师发现同学们都很爱动脑筋,有的用的方法很巧妙.现在我们一起来欣赏一下小朋友完成的礼物吧!
3 展示作品,把相应的作品贴与黑板上
师:刚才通过动手操作,老师发现小朋友已经会用不同方法展示了,老师很喜欢这么多精美的礼物.
师:看到小朋友们做的那么起劲,老师也手痒画了一个角,你认为是锐角钝角、还是直角呢?
(引导学生用三角板上的直角去比一比)
(让学生通过动手实践,自己创造角,激发学生学习兴趣,培养动手能力)
四 课堂总结 布置作业
师:今天我们进一步研究了角,你有什么新的收获啊?
师: 角在美术中也有妙用!在美术中有一种画叫人物简笔画,它是用非常简单的图形拼摆起来,表示人物的一些简单动作。像这样圆表示头部,用线段表示身体,用角表示四肢。
让学生欣赏简笔画。
二年级下册数学说课稿人教版篇四
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二年级下册数学说课稿人教版篇五
本课为小学二年级下册(西师大版)
学生已经学习了除法的意义,但只限于商是整数而没有余数的情况,
1.理解整除及有余数除法的意义,掌握有余数除法中各部分之间的关系。
2.通过观察、比较后,弄清整除的意义。
3.培养学生合作学习的意识和能力,并从中体验到探究的乐趣。
4.能够主动思考,积极发表自己的意见。
电脑课件。
(电脑显示)52÷8= 24÷3= 25÷3= 8÷2=
10÷4= 38÷2=
1.集体订正。
2.师:请学生根据各题商的结果,将这些除法计算题进行分类,每类商有什么特点?把你的想法和小组同学互相说一说,并在小组内选出一名记录员,将研究的结果记录下来。(四人小组代表发言。)
学生回答后出现分类情况。
(电脑显示)商没有余数为24÷3=8,8÷2=4,38÷2=19;商有余数为52÷8=6…4,25÷3=8…1,10÷4=2…2。
在我们学过的整数除法中,商有两种不同的结果,一种是没有余数的,一种是有余数的。这节课就让我们一起再对它们进行深入的研究吧!
师:(电脑显示)让我们先来观察这类除法算式。它们有什么特点呢?请在小组内研究研究。(四人小组代表发言。)
学生回答可能会出现以下两种情况:
生1:被除数、除数、商都是整数,而且商没有余数。
生2:我们组不同意他们的看法,我们认为被除数、除数、商应是自然数。
师:现在出现了两种不同的意见,同学们同意哪一种呢?
生1:我不同意第一种意见,因为整数包括自然数和零,而除数是一个非零的数,所以除数不能是整数。
生2:我不同意第二种意见,因为如果被除数、除数、商都是自然数,那被除数和商就不能是零吗?
师:像这样,一个整数除以另一个不是零的整数,商是整数而没有余数,我们就说第一个整数能被第二个整数整除。(板书)
看书第78页,齐读“什么叫整数”,并完成“做一做”(1)。
师:“做一做”除法中的第一个数不能被第二个数整除的情况,它们有什么特点?同桌互相交流一下。
学生回答。
师:这就是“有余数的除法”。(板书课题,电脑显示有余数除法的算式。)
师:有余数除法中余数和除数有什么关系?
学生思考后回答。
师:前面我们学过除法各部分之间的关系,你们记得吗?有余数除法各部分之间又有什么关系呢?让我们一起来观察。(电脑显示:48÷5=9…3)
师:如果被除数不知道,该怎么求呢?(电脑显示:?)
师:你们发现有余数除法各部分之间的关系了吗?
学生回答后,板书有余数除法的关系式。
师:这个关系式有什么用呢,
(学生回答后可能出现两种情况:(1)验算有余数除法是否做对了?(2)求未知数x。)
师:现在我们就运用它们之间的关系,来完成第78页的“做一做”(2)。
师:这节课我们学到了什么?
(学生回答后出现以下几点:(1)什么叫整数?(2)什么叫有余数的除法?(3)有余数除法的关系式。(4)如何利用关系式进行验算?)
师总结:对,将你们所说的结合在一起,就是我们今天所学的内容。
1.填空。
(电脑显示)
(1)一个整数除以另一个不为零的整数,商是整数而没有余数,我们就说( )能被( )整除。
(2)因为28÷4=7,我们就说28能被( )整除。
(3)在有余数除法中被除数=( )。
(4)( )÷3=8…2。
2.完成“练习十六”中的第1题。
学生独立完成,集体订正。
3.判断。
(电脑显示)
(1)有余数的除法里,商都比除数小。( )
(2)19除以4,商是4,余数是3。( )
(3)8能被32整除。( )
(4)24只能被6整除。( )
(5)128能被128整除。( )
师:你们回答得都很好。(电脑出现回响掌声)
4.课堂活动练习
二年级下册数学说课稿人教版篇六
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二年级下册数学说课稿人教版篇八
《确定位置》是国标本苏教版实验教材第三册第十单元的内容。这是“空间与图形”领域有关“图形与位置”的内容。主要教学描述物体相对位置的一些方法,本单元有三方面内容:一、确定位置;二、认识东南西北;三、认识平面图。本节课所说的是第一部分“确定位置”。主要教学用“第几排第几个,第几组第几个,第几层第几号”等方式描述物体的位置。这部分内容是学生在生活中经常接触到的,在一年级时也有了一些初步的感知,学生掌握这部分知识并不感到困难。本课主要是让学生把这些知识应用到生活中去解决一些实际的问题,让他们真切地感受到生活中有数学,数学是有用的。教材在安排这节课内容时首先呈现一幅活泼可爱的小动物做操图,标注出两只小动物的所在位置,这既是示范物体所在位置的描述方法,又明确观察的方位,为下面回答问题统一观察方位。接下来是让学生用所学知识描述自己的座位,说说小动物的房间号,在书架上找书,到电影院找座位等。这样的内容安排有利于激发学生学习数学的兴趣,能真正地让学生运用数学知识去解决实际问题。教材在安排这节课内容时,还很注重知识的拓展和学生的实践操作。这节课的学习不仅为本单元后两部分的学习作好铺垫,更为今后能更精确地确定和描述物体的相对位置打下坚实基础。
经对教材的分析和学情分析确定本课教学目标如下:
知识目标:使学生学会在具体情境中探索确定位置的方法。
能力目标:通过形式多样的确定位置的方式,让学生在探索知识的过程中发展空
间观念,并增强其运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力。
情感目标:感受确定位置的丰富现实背景,体会数学的价值,产生对数学的亲切感。
教学重点:寻找物体排列的规律,学会确定位置的方法。
教学难点:在现实情境中确定位置,运用所学知识解决实际问题。
教具:多媒体课件、座位票、几排或几组的标志牌,以及磁性黑板及贴片等。
1、帮助学生唤起已有的生活经验。学生在生活中经常要运用有关确定物体位置的知识,教师要尽可能唤起学生已有的知识经验,把这些知识和经验系统化、数学化,为本课教学服务。
2、结合例题进行典型示范。结合例题学习引导学生总结物体排列的规律,根据例题标注,进行典型引路,引领学生积极思考,自主探究。
3、充分组织好学生活动。教学时,要尽可能设计真实的情境,组织好学生的活动,让学生亲自实践,同时积累活动经验,培养合作学习的习惯和能力。
1、实践探索。本节内容与学生的生活实际非常贴近,这部分内容的掌握与巩固也是在学生的实际应用中体现出来的,实践性、应用性很强,因此要让学生面对真实的问题,动手实践、自主探索、尝试解决问题。
2、合作交流。本课虽以实践活动为主展开学习活动,也应为学生的合作交流提供足够的空间,先让学生亲自实践,再组织同学之间的合作、讨论与交流,进一步培养合作意识和合作能力。
本节课打算设计以下几个教学环节:
(一)初步体验,激发情趣。
(二)深入探究,体会领悟。
(三)联系生活,灵活运用。
(四)总结评价,交流收获。
第一环节:初步体验,激发情趣。打算事先放好标志牌(第几排)让学生排在教室两边,凭票重新找座位。设计这样几步:1、介绍第几排第几个。简要讲述,并指认几个座位进行提问。2、学生凭票找座位。坐好后多提问如:谁介绍一下自己的位置?谁知道?×××坐在第几排第几个?请每个同学找到你最要好的朋友,看他坐在第几排第几个,想好了说给大家听。3、导入并板书课题;4、练习:①师报第几排第几个,让这个位置上的学生起立。②电脑出示例题中小动物们做操的图景。提问某动物的位置,请每个同学选两只自己最喜欢的小动物,告诉同桌它站在第几排第几个。引导学生关注例题标注,作为典型示范。
这样设计,从学生感兴趣且生活中经常遇到的问题入手,激发了学生的好奇心,引发他们参与学习的欲望,同时也让他们初步感受到,要确定一个位置,首先要弄清确定位置的方法。当学生在解决问题的过程中学会用“第几排第几个”确定位置后,再把书上的例题作为练习让学生来完成,这样使学生把在现实的情境中掌握的方法用来解决生活中的数学问题,降低了学习的难度,学生会学得轻松而又扎实。
第二环节:深入探究,体会领悟。打算安排这样几步:1、介绍第几组第几个;2、练习:每个学生在小组里说说自己的位置……(同上述第一大环节的提问差不多);3、延伸:将位置用不同方式表述,即×××在第几排第几个或第几组第几个,并且提问:除了这两种说法,还能怎么说?小组讨论全班交流(如倒数第几排第几个,×××的后一排第几个,第几组倒数第几个等)。
这样设计,在上一环节的基础上进行学习已不是太难。每个学生在小组中换成“第几组第几个”介绍自己的位置,既能满足每个学生的表现欲望,也能有效地巩固这部分知识。提出“还能怎样说”这个很有数学思考价值的问题,调动学生已有的生活经验,把所学知识进行延伸与拓展。
第三个环节:联系生活,灵活运用。设计这样几步进行练习:1、“拜访好朋友”。从小动物们做完操回宿舍楼休息,过渡到做“想想做做”第1题,电脑出示左图景,让学生合作:a、一生说动物名称,一生说住第几层第几号;b、一生说第几层第几号,一生说动物名称。2、“助人为乐”。设计并出示情景:小白兔迷路,帮忙送它回家……3、“到图书馆借书”。做“想想做做”第1题的右图(电脑出示),找《新华词典》或其他书。4、“帮朋友找座位”。(电脑出示情境)关于电影院位置的特殊安排宜组织学生进行讨论交流。提问:一次看电影,小华的票是3排7座,小红的票是3排8座,他们是坐在一起吗?5、“你说我贴”做“想想做做”第3题。以小组合作共同做游戏的形式进行。按要求贴图片,如:在第×排第×个贴××。一个组上黑板贴,其他组贴在纸上展示,组内分工合作。
这样设计使课堂充满乐趣,让学生充分感受到生活中处处有数学,产生对数学的亲切感,同时也激发了学生的学习兴趣,活跃了课堂气氛,让每个学生充分感受到数学的用途,真正实现人人学有价值的数学。最后一道题以小组合作的形式进行,培养了学生合作的意识和能力。同时既让学生动口,又让学生动手,有动有静,有张有弛。
第四环节;总结评价,交流收获。
总结学习情况,评价小组合作情况等,让学生畅谈本课学习收获。
二年级下册数学说课稿人教版篇九
1、教材内容
说课的内容是九义教材第四册p106~p108《统计》。
2、教材简析
这部分内容是建立在学生已有的一些简单的统计图表知识的基础上进行教学的。统计知识在人们的日常生活、生产实践和科学研究中的应用越来越广泛,统计思想是数学中的一个重要思想。义务教育小学数学课程标准,把统计知识作为小学数学基础知识的重要组成部分并特别强调让学生体会统计的过程,和对统计结果的简单分析,让学生早些掌握一些统计的思想方法,既有利于提高应用所学知识以解决实际问题的能力。从中体会统计的作用,感受数学与社会的联系,又能使学生从部分数据出发,经过分析从中找出规律,逐步培养处理信息的能力。同时新课程标准中也明确指出要让学生充分经历一些收集、整理、描述和分析的过程,掌握处理数据的技能等等的要求。
3、教材结构
分析教材内容可以看出,本节课包含四个知识的内容。即调查入学时的体重情况填写统计表;收集现在(二年级)的体重情况填写统计表;把入学以及现在的体重情况统一填写到同一个统计表中;整理、分析表内信息回答简单的问题。但从本地学生情况实际出发,以及条件的限制,所以本人对教材内容进行了略微的调整,将调查入学时的体重情况填写统计表改为统计本地区天气情况,也与现实生活紧密地联系在一起。同时,按照教材的逻辑性将知识整合在新课程改革的目标中。
4、教学目标
(1)知识目标:能运用信息的手段、新的学习方法收集整理数据完成简单的复合式统计图。
(2)情感目标:能根据统计图表中的数据提出并解答简单的问题,感受生活中处处有数学,结合实例有机地进行家乡情的教育。
(3)能力目标:培养学生观察、分析和操作的能力;培养学生的合作意识。
5、教学重点是:体验收集、整理数据的过程。
6、教学难点是:能对数据进行合理有效的分析;
教学方法的多样化,能充分调动学生的学习积极性。
1、情境设置生活情境引入法。结合日常生活中鲜活的实物、实例引入,调动学生学习的积极性。
2、实际操作发现法。让学生亲身参与测量体重的活动中,通过小组交流等多种教学手段和方法收集、整理数据,为教学增添生动性和趣味性,同时也充分调动学生的学习积极性。
1、自主学习法:让学生去亲身体验数据产生的过程,使学生的认识不仅仅停留在表面,积极组织学生人人参与,以学生为主体,结合教材内容,紧密生活实际,让学生自己带着数学走入生活,解决和分析生活中的一些数学问题,从而提高学生的分析、估计、判断能力为以后的终生学习打下基础。
2、交流互补法:通过同学之间相互讲解、演示、操作等方法让学生开动脑筋,互相讨论,找出解决问题的途径。
3、练习促进法:通过有针对性地练习,使学生形成技能技巧,达到举一
本节课,我设计了三个环节:
1、填写单式统计表
(1)我给学生提供了一组数据,我们班在一年级时每位体重情况,要求学生在老师的帮助下,学会统计每段重量的学生数,并教给学生简单的整理数据的方法。
(2)向学生提供我们班在二年级时,学生的体重情况的数据,学生仿照统计一年级时的体重方法,整理和统计二年级时每重量段的学生数。目的是让学生学会简单整理数据的方法。
2、学生在能填写单式统计表的基础上,学会填写和分析复式统计表
(1)让学生学会怎样填写复式统计表。
(2)会读复式统计表,并能分析。
3、练习,我一共设计了三个小题第一小题是能直接根据数据填写统计表,是对本节学习知识的直接运用。第二题根据数据填写复式统计表。第三题分两组统计本班喜欢哪些体育活动的人数,填写复式统计表,并进行简要分析。锻炼学生的综合能力。
二年级下册数学说课稿人教版篇十
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